{"id":13933,"date":"2022-05-31T03:05:15","date_gmt":"2022-05-31T03:05:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13933"},"modified":"2022-05-31T03:05:15","modified_gmt":"2022-05-31T03:05:15","slug":"avian-flu-the-flu-hunter-robert-webster-and-the-threat-of-a-global-pandemic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/health-and-medicine\/avian-flu-the-flu-hunter-robert-webster-and-the-threat-of-a-global-pandemic\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ee3 s\u0103n c\u00fam: Robert Webster v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb c\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u1ee3 s\u0103n c\u00fam: Robert Webster v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb c\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m: M\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cho gia c\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u1ee7ng c\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m H5N1 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n

Robert Webster: Th\u1ee3 s\u0103n c\u00fam<\/h2>\n\n

Robert Webster, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 virus h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 virus c\u00fam v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Webster t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o giao di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh c\u00fam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gia c\u1ea7m trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n virus sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh \u1edf H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1997, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t H5N1 \u1edf H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00f3ng l\u00ean h\u1ed3i chu\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o cho Webster. Virus \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2y t\u1eeb gia c\u1ea7m sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong \u1edf tr\u1ebb em. Webster nh\u1eadn ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c y t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Webster ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng l\u1ee3n \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng c\u00fam g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch. L\u1ee3n d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7ng c\u00fam \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 gia c\u1ea7m, v\u00e0 khi c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ee7ng n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u1ee3n, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di truy\u1ec1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa virus”, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y lan d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch<\/h2>\n\n

Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, H5N1 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng Webster tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eafc-xin hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng vi-r\u00fat, \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. C\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3, d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng vi-r\u00fat v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eafc-xin m\u1edbi. Webster \u0111ang t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cho c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c y t\u1ebf t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a H5N1<\/h2>\n\n

H5N1 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi-r\u00fat \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m h\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o kh\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i c\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m n\u00e0o t\u1eebng l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Webster c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi-r\u00fat c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c gen c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Webster ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Webster l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa r\u1ee7i ro. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c virus c\u00fam ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eafc-xin v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng<\/h2>\n\n

Ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh c\u00fam. Webster \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eafc-xin c\u00fam th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Ng\u00e0y nay, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u0169i ti\u00eam c\u00fam ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 Webster v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y 61% vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt mang theo. M\u00e8o, ch\u00f3, ng\u1ef1a v\u00e0 l\u1ee3n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a v\u1ecbt<\/h2>\n\n

Webster tin r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecbt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 trong s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a c\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m. V\u1ecbt th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m virus c\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang mang vi-r\u00fat \u0111i xa, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n sang c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c s\u0103n t\u00ecm v\u1eafc-xin<\/h2>\n\n

Webster v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eafc-xin m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cho H5N1. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eafc-xin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi-r\u00fat tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa v\u1ecbt Peabody<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, Webster th\u00edch quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa v\u1ecbt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u1ea1i Kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Peabody \u1edf Memphis. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa v\u1ecbt n\u00e0y, v\u00ec \u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u00ec t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u1ee3 s\u0103n c\u00fam: Robert Webster v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb c\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m C\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m: M\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u C\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00fam gia…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[463],"tags":[3792,4208,1151,7937,97,178,5832],"class_list":["post-13933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health-and-medicine","tag-zoonotic-diseases","tag-avian-flu","tag-pandemic","tag-influenza","tag-science","tag-public-health","tag-virology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13933"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13933\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13934,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13933\/revisions\/13934"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}