{"id":1397,"date":"2021-10-05T02:16:37","date_gmt":"2021-10-05T02:16:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1397"},"modified":"2021-10-05T02:16:37","modified_gmt":"2021-10-05T02:16:37","slug":"sea-monsters-from-myth-to-science","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/natural-history\/sea-monsters-from-myth-to-science\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n: T\u1eeb huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n: T\u1eeb huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n trong th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3, th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng si\u00eau nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng con qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kraken, m\u1ed9t con m\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadt \u00fap t\u00e0u. Nh\u1eefng con qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m hydra, m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt gi\u1ed1ng r\u1eafn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u; r\u1eafn bi\u1ec3n, m\u1ed9t con r\u1eafn kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 gieo r\u1eafc n\u1ed7i kinh ho\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7; v\u00e0 leviathan, m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 voi.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1m tr\u00e1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n. Th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, c\u00e1 oarfish v\u00e0 c\u00e1 m\u1eadp ph\u01a1i n\u1eafng. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1m tr\u00e1n n\u00e0y, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 m\u00ea t\u00edn v\u00e0 tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n\n

V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m, t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m tin truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n. Nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1 oarfish.<\/p>\n\n

V\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 r\u1eafn bi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 r\u1eafn bi\u1ec3n. Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, gi\u1ed1ng r\u1eafn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 do nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea7m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 oarfish ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1 m\u1eadp ph\u01a1i n\u1eafng.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng ti\u00ean c\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n

N\u00e0ng ti\u00ean c\u00e1, nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt n\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eeda c\u00e1, \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong nhi\u1ec1u thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7. H\u1ecd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong truy\u1ec7n d\u00e2n gian, th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng ti\u00ean c\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n\n

Khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n. H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt g\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m bi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt sinh s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

B\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec1u huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n. S\u1ef1 bao la c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. Cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa tr\u00ed t\u00f2 m\u00f2, s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u00fa v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea b\u1ea5t t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n: T\u1eeb huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc Nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[244],"tags":[3121,3120,3124,3123,3122,3119,361,195],"class_list":["post-1397","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-natural-history","tag-giant-squid","tag-kraken","tag-leviathan","tag-mermaid","tag-sea-serpent","tag-sea-monsters","tag-marine-biology","tag-mythology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1397","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1397"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1397\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1398,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1397\/revisions\/1398"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1397"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1397"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1397"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}