{"id":1403,"date":"2023-05-20T14:31:28","date_gmt":"2023-05-20T14:31:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1403"},"modified":"2023-05-20T14:31:28","modified_gmt":"2023-05-20T14:31:28","slug":"gravitational-waves-nobel-discovery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/physics\/gravitational-waves-nobel-discovery\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn: kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn: b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh danh b\u1eb1ng Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn<\/h2>\n\n<p>S\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng trong kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Albert Einstein d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ed1 \u0111en v\u00e0 sao neutron.<\/p>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, \u0110\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng giao thoa laser (LIGO), m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng kh\u00f3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft n\u00e0y. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Einstein.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel V\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, ba nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel V\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u0103m 2017:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rainer Weiss thu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Massachusetts<\/li>\n<li>Kip S. Thorne thu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 California<\/li>\n<li>Barry C. Barish thu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 California<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng giao thoa laser (LIGO)<\/h2>\n\n<p>LIGO l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p bao g\u1ed3m hai m\u00e1y d\u00f2 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef L, m\u1ed9t \u1edf Louisiana v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1edf ti\u1ec3u bang Washington. M\u1ed7i m\u00e1y d\u00f2 c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1nh tay d\u00e0i 2,5 d\u1eb7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 cao \u1edf m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n<p>LIGO ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o th\u1eddi gian m\u1ed9t ch\u00f9m tia laser ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c g\u01b0\u01a1ng. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tia laser \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 \u0111i qua c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Einstein<\/li>\n<li>Cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 \u0111en v\u00e0 sao neutron<\/li>\n<li>M\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn t\u1eeb v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u01a1 khai, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 V\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 l\u1edbn<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u. LIGO v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<p>Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v\u00e0 b\u00ed \u1ea9n nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 \u0111en v\u00e0 V\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh trong kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kip Thorne<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kip Thorne l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n LIGO. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tin r\u1eb1ng s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u00e1y d\u00f2 LIGO.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rainer Weiss<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rainer Weiss l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng lao ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho LIGO. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00f3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e1y d\u00f2 LIGO \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Barry Barish<\/h2>\n\n<p>Barry Barish l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c LIGO v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1994. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111ang g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, LIGO \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c s\u00f3ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c. LIGO v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nh\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 \u0111en v\u00e0 va ch\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a sao neutron. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. LIGO v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u01a1n. Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v\u00e0 b\u00ed \u1ea9n nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 \u0111en v\u00e0 V\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 l\u1edbn.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn: b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh danh b\u1eb1ng Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn S\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng trong kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[965],"tags":[535,97,3134,1441,1532,3132,435,3133,217],"class_list":["post-1403","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-physics","tag-nobel-prize","tag-science","tag-ligo","tag-black-holes","tag-discovery","tag-gravitational-waves","tag-astronomy","tag-einsteins-general-theory-of-relativity","tag-physics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1403","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1403"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1403\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1404,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1403\/revisions\/1404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1403"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1403"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1403"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}