{"id":142,"date":"2024-05-17T00:07:16","date_gmt":"2024-05-17T00:07:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=142"},"modified":"2024-05-17T00:07:16","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T00:07:16","slug":"northern-white-rhinoceros-on-the-brink-of-extinction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/wildlife-conservation\/northern-white-rhinoceros-on-the-brink-of-extinction\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ea gi\u00e1c tr\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc: \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1edd v\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00ea gi\u00e1c tr\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eafc: \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1edd v\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng<\/h2>\n\n

T\u00ea gi\u00e1c tr\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eafc (NWR) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n lo\u00e0i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nguy c\u1ea5p \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra. T\u1eebng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac \u1edf mi\u1ec1n trung v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4ng Ch\u00e2u Phi, n\u1ea1n s\u0103n tr\u1ed9m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, t\u1eeb 2.000 c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1960 xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n ba c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. Ba c\u00e1 t\u00ea gi\u00e1c l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u01b0 tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n Ol Pejeta c\u1ee7a Kenya, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f3 v\u0169 trang li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng<\/h2>\n\n

S\u0103n tr\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y s\u1eebng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a NWR. S\u1eebng t\u00ea gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t cao trong y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u0103n b\u1eaft b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 NWR. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2011, ph\u00e2n lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean do t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u0103n tr\u1ed9m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n

N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u NWR. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 tinh trong \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m (IVF) \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111ang suy gi\u1ea3m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u00ea gi\u00e1c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 IVF<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n t\u00ea gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c NWR c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c sinh s\u1ea3n, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 tinh tr\u00f9ng kh\u1ea3 thi cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n

IVF bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee5 tinh cho m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 mang thai h\u1ed9. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u00ea gi\u00e1c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y cho NWR v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n

Hy v\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u1eabn hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng NWR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021, con NWR \u0111\u1ef1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i hai con c\u00e1i l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t con NWR c\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m IVF trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3<\/h2>\n\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c IVF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cho NWR, th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lai t\u1ea1o ch\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u00ea gi\u00e1c tr\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam, m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 NWR. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng con t\u00ea gi\u00e1c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

Trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ba con NWR c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh g\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd t\u1ea1i Khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n Ol Pejeta v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng s\u0103n tr\u1ed9m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u0103n b\u1eaft b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y kh\u1ecfi nguy c\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u00ea gi\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n

T\u00ea gi\u00e1c tr\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eafc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. S\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u NWR kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00ea gi\u00e1c tr\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eafc: \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1edd v\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng T\u00ea gi\u00e1c tr\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eafc (NWR) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n lo\u00e0i c\u1ef1c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23392,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[405],"tags":[401,404,254,402,399,403,400],"class_list":["post-142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wildlife-conservation","tag-conservation","tag-endangered-species","tag-wildlife","tag-cloning","tag-northern-white-rhinoceros","tag-ivf","tag-extinction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=142"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":143,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142\/revisions\/143"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23392"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}