{"id":14201,"date":"2020-07-11T01:38:13","date_gmt":"2020-07-11T01:38:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14201"},"modified":"2020-07-11T01:38:13","modified_gmt":"2020-07-11T01:38:13","slug":"ocean-fertilization-potential-solution-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/climate-science\/ocean-fertilization-potential-solution-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng: M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung s\u1eaft v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf b\u00e9, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 carbon dioxide t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed m\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1eaft<\/h2>\n\n

Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1eaft, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc John Martin \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1987, cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 khan hi\u1ebfm s\u1eaft \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du. Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t nit\u01a1, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eaft r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ed5 sung s\u1eaft v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon dioxide \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c-bon<\/h2>\n\n

Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong chu tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1c-bon to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Ch\u00fang h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 carbon dioxide t\u1eeb kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Khi th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du ch\u1ebft, x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, mang theo l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c-bon \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c-bon, gi\u00fap l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon dioxide trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3 thi<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1993, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u s\u1eaft, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1995 \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n h\u01a1n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u00eam s\u1eaft v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng theo ba li\u1ec1u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p ba m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ea7n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn carbon dioxide kh\u1ecfi kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1edbi 20% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon dioxide do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t. Khi th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du ch\u1ebft ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxy trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ee5 tinh \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 c\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n

C\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee5 tinh \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n cho bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee5 tinh \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng: M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu S\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? S\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 tinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[34,7370,120,925,4159],"class_list":["post-14201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-science","tag-climate-change","tag-ocean-fertilization","tag-sustainability","tag-carbon-sequestration","tag-phytoplankton"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14201","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14201"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14202,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14201\/revisions\/14202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}