{"id":14225,"date":"2023-10-05T08:18:09","date_gmt":"2023-10-05T08:18:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14225"},"modified":"2023-10-05T08:18:09","modified_gmt":"2023-10-05T08:18:09","slug":"harriet-tubman-frederick-douglass-statues-maryland-state-house","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/harriet-tubman-frederick-douglass-statues-maryland-state-house\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i Harriet Tubman v\u00e0 Frederick Douglass t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Maryland: Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Harriet Tubman v\u00e0 Frederick Douglass \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Maryland<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1864, T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Maryland \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc then ch\u1ed1t khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi b\u00e3i b\u1ecf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. H\u01a1n 150 n\u0103m sau, t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a hai nh\u00e0 b\u00e3i n\u00f4 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng: Harriet Tubman v\u00e0 Frederick Douglass.<\/p>\n\n

Harriet Tubman: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft ng\u1ea7m<\/h2>\n\n

Sinh ra trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf Maryland v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1820, Harriet Tubman \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do \u1edf Philadelphia v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1849. Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 nao n\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ebfn tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Maryland, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kho\u1ea3ng 70 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do th\u00f4ng qua \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft ng\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n\n

Frederick Douglass: Nh\u00e0 h\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 b\u00e3i n\u00f4<\/h2>\n\n

Frederick Douglass, sinh n\u0103m 1818 t\u1ea1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Maryland, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1838. \u00d4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng trong phong tr\u00e0o b\u00e3i n\u00f4, ra m\u1eaft m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 truy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn phong tr\u00e0o b\u00e3i n\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Harriet Tubman v\u00e0 Frederick Douglass \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Ph\u00f2ng H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n c\u0169 c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Maryland, c\u00f9ng c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng n\u01a1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf. C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 Tubman v\u00e0 Douglass nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho c\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n. Ch\u00fang th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u201cm\u00f9i v\u1ecb \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n Nam\u201d c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n dai d\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf T\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i Roger B. Taney<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 2017, b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Roger B. Taney, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft n\u00ean ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft Dred Scott kh\u00e9t ti\u1ebfng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i quy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Phi, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb d\u1ee1 kh\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3ng k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Li\u00ean minh v\u00e0 Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam trong N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o b\u00e3i n\u00f4<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Harriet Tubman v\u00e0 Frederick Douglass kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u00e1p b\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Maryland \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. Ch\u00fang gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o b\u00e3i n\u00f4, truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00f4ng l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n\n

Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc<\/h2>\n\n

Ivan Schwartz, nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, tin r\u1eb1ng \u201cc\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c\u201d. C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Maryland v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Harriet Tubman v\u00e0 Frederick Douglass \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Maryland. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e3i n\u00f4 v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ch\u00fang truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Harriet Tubman v\u00e0 Frederick Douglass v\u00e0 ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u cho m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Harriet Tubman v\u00e0 Frederick Douglass \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Maryland B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1864, T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[64,353,527,42,8068,17012,19111,883,765,1001],"class_list":["post-14225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-equality","tag-abolitionism","tag-social-justice","tag-underground-railroad","tag-frederick-douglass","tag-harriet-tubman","tag-maryland-state-house","tag-public-art","tag-slavery","tag-civil-war"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14225","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14225"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14226,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14225\/revisions\/14226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14225"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14225"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}