{"id":14272,"date":"2024-11-16T01:21:57","date_gmt":"2024-11-16T01:21:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14272"},"modified":"2024-11-16T01:21:57","modified_gmt":"2024-11-16T01:21:57","slug":"animal-shelter-breed-misidentification-consequences-and-solutions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/life\/animal-welfare\/animal-shelter-breed-misidentification-consequences-and-solutions\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 t\u00ecm nh\u00e0 cho nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 hoang v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho c\u1ea3 ch\u00f3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Plos One, c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 67%. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 10% khi \u0111o\u00e1n gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 lai.<\/p>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh r\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 lai. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 lai Pitbull th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng Pitbull. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 Pitbull th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 hung d\u1eef v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 n\u00e0y b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i b\u1ecf qua.<\/p>\n\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00e0nh vi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n t\u00ednh kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa ch\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 lai. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ri\u00eang t\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa ch\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: Chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ri\u00eang<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00e0nh vi ri\u00eang cho nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u00ed ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 thay v\u00ec d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u00e3n gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n trong vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n<p>Trong khi vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u00ec x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa ch\u00f3. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m DNA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<p>Wisdom Panel, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh cho ch\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Plos One v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 900 ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3, trong \u0111\u00f3 American Staffordshire Terrier, Chihuahua v\u00e0 Poodle l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 5% s\u1ed1 ch\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng thu\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7ng, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 25% th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 lai c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c di truy\u1ec1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0nh vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 sai t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00e0nh vi ri\u00eang.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00e0nh vi chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung cho vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 lai ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3, t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ch\u00f3 v\u1edbi ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng C\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24883,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4309],"tags":[19165,19166,19164,188,14021,947],"class_list":["post-14272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-animal-welfare","tag-animal-shelters","tag-behavior-assessment","tag-breed-identification","tag-genetics","tag-pet-adoption","tag-animal-welfare"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14272","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14272"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14272\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24884,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14272\/revisions\/24884"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24883"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14272"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14272"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14272"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}