{"id":14389,"date":"2021-11-17T07:51:17","date_gmt":"2021-11-17T07:51:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14389"},"modified":"2021-11-17T07:51:17","modified_gmt":"2021-11-17T07:51:17","slug":"hydra-regenerates-lost-heads-genetic-basis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/biology\/hydra-regenerates-lost-heads-genetic-basis\/","title":{"rendered":"Hydra: Sinh v\u1eadt b\u1ea5t t\u1eed c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hydra: \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u1ea5t t\u1eed c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Hydra<\/h2>\n\n<p>Hydra l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng: ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i b\u1ea5t t\u1eed v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ecb c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn b\u1edfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Hydra, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf c\u01a1 s\u1edf di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb1ng sau kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 27.000 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Hydra.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn di truy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c nhau cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 n\u1ea3y ch\u1ed3i<\/h2>\n\n<p>Th\u1eadt th\u00fa v\u1ecb khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan. Hydra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng qua hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>T\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u sau ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/strong> Khi m\u1ed9t con Hydra m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u1ea3y ch\u1ed3i:<\/strong> Hydra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1ea3y ch\u1ed3i, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con polyp m\u1edbi (v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a con b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9) m\u1ecdc ra t\u1eeb c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea3y ch\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ee9 hai, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh di truy\u1ec1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u sau ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen<\/h2>\n\n<p>Qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen, hay m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1eaft gen, kh\u00e1c nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 n\u1ea3y ch\u1ed3i. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea3y ch\u1ed3i, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen t\u0103ng ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c theo th\u1eddi gian. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u sau ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edbi) l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di truy\u1ec1n li\u00ean quan l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb1ng sau kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Hydra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1ch Hydra t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00f4 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c chi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nghi ng\u1edd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Hydra v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau cho t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00fa v\u1ecb c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a Hydra trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 s\u1edf di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hydra: \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u1ea5t t\u1eed c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Hydra Hydra l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[288],"tags":[188,19335,19333,356,666,19334,5100],"class_list":["post-14389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology","tag-genetics","tag-immortal-animals","tag-hydra","tag-tissue-engineering","tag-life-science-art","tag-regeneration","tag-developmental-biology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14389"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14389\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14390,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14389\/revisions\/14390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14389"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14389"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}