\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Sa m\u1ea1c Atacama \u1edf mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc Chile g\u1ea7n 7.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp Chinchorro l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u01b0\u1edbp x\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. Nh\u1eefng thi th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Chinchorro, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbp x\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9n m\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 g\u00e2y gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp Chinchorro l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd: b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o hay \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb gia \u0111\u00ecnh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbp x\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Chinchorro kh\u00f4ng ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd mang theo x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n khi h\u1ecd di chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n
Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbp x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Chinchorro li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt “x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp \u0111en”, trong \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n da ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 tinh x\u1ea3o l\u00e0m t\u1eeb lau s\u1eady, da s\u01b0 t\u1eed bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, len alpaca v\u00e0 t\u00f3c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb t\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Chinchorro, nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng di h\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Ban Nha.<\/p>\n\n
Sa m\u1ea1c Atacama, n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Chinchorro sinh s\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c do n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 asen t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean cao trong \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u01a1n mangan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u00ed x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong cao b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Chinchorro.<\/p>\n\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Di s\u1ea3n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp Chinchorro hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u1edbi. Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 ri\u00eang cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Chinchorro trong khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn chung s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp \u1edf Arica, s\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 m\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u01a1n. H\u1ecd tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed xung quanh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n
\u201cT\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Chinchorro\u201d, Alfredo Guerrero, m\u1ed9t c\u01b0 d\u00e2n Arica, cho bi\u1ebft. \u201c\u2026 T\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi n\u01a1i n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m h\u1ecd\u201d.<\/p>\n\n
X\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp Chinchorro ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
X\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp Chinchorro: Kho b\u00e1u c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u0111e d\u1ecda hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i Nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Sa m\u1ea1c Atacama \u1edf mi\u1ec1n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[15956,19658,17091,19657,19494],"class_list":["post-14646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-arsenic","tag-pre-hispanic-art","tag-atacama-desert","tag-chinchorro-mummies","tag-mummification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14646","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14646"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14646\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14647,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14646\/revisions\/14647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}