{"id":14771,"date":"2022-05-25T20:57:13","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T20:57:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14771"},"modified":"2022-05-25T20:57:13","modified_gmt":"2022-05-25T20:57:13","slug":"kathy-sullivan-first-woman-challenger-deep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/oceanography\/kathy-sullivan-first-woman-challenger-deep\/","title":{"rendered":"Kathy Sullivan chinh ph\u1ee5c R\u00e3nh Mariana, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kathy Sullivan: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/h2>\n\n

Kathy Sullivan, m\u1ed9t phi h\u00e0nh gia n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa ghi danh v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 R\u00e3nh Mariana. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u phi th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m R\u00e3nh Mariana<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 2020, Sullivan \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn R\u00e3nh Mariana, n\u1eb1m \u1edf Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m Victor Vescovo. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0u l\u1eb7n Limiting Factor \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m \u0111i s\u00e2u b\u1ea3y d\u1eb7m d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n

Sullivan v\u00e0 Vescovo \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh kho\u1ea3ng 90 ph\u00fat \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y R\u00e3nh Mariana, ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3nh quan tr\u00ean M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng. Khi h\u1ecd \u0111ang tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf l\u00ean, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1edbi Tr\u1ea1m V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean giao ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u00e0 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 phi h\u00e0nh gia k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Sullivan v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc v\u1eeba l\u00e0 phi h\u00e0nh gia \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ef3 t\u00edch phi th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ba s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh t\u00e0u con thoi, c\u00f4 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng gian. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap c\u00f4 trau d\u1ed3i c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a Sullivan kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1984, c\u00f4 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111i b\u1ed9 trong kh\u00f4ng gian. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, 36 n\u0103m sau, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa t\u1ea1o n\u00ean d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khi ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng<\/h2>\n\n

Chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Sullivan \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111am m\u00ea, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i b\u1ed9 ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng gian to\u00e0n n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/h2>\n\n

Ti\u1ebfp b\u01b0\u1edbc Sullivan, c\u00e1c phi h\u00e0nh gia Christina Koch v\u00e0 Jessica Meir \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2019 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c \u0111i b\u1ed9 ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng gian to\u00e0n n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i Tr\u1ea1m V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n\n

Chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m R\u00e3nh Mariana c\u1ee7a Sullivan v\u00e0 Vescovo kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c m\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c l\u1eb7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Kathy Sullivan xu\u1ed1ng R\u00e3nh Mariana l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai d\u00e1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kathy Sullivan: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Kathy Sullivan, m\u1ed9t phi h\u00e0nh gia n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa ghi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2003],"tags":[565,4605,19783,564,434,97,27,9,211,599,1302,19784],"class_list":["post-14771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-oceanography","tag-adventure","tag-life","tag-kathy-sullivan","tag-exploration","tag-space-exploration","tag-science","tag-history","tag-art","tag-women-in-stem","tag-mariana-trench","tag-oceanography","tag-challenger-deep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14771","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14771"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14771\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14772,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14771\/revisions\/14772"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14771"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14771"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14771"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}