{"id":14773,"date":"2020-10-27T14:23:31","date_gmt":"2020-10-27T14:23:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14773"},"modified":"2020-10-27T14:23:31","modified_gmt":"2020-10-27T14:23:31","slug":"arctic-riches-melting-iceberg","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/earth-and-climate-science\/arctic-riches-melting-iceberg\/","title":{"rendered":"Khi b\u0103ng tan, ai s\u1ebd s\u1edf h\u1eefu kho b\u00e1u d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3ng b\u0103ng tan ch\u1ea3y, ai s\u1ebd s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng?<\/h2>\n\n

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

Khi l\u1edbp b\u0103ng B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tan ch\u1ea3y do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eaft t\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng 13% tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 30% tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u0103m d\u00f2 B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau s\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nga \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

Nga \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2007, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eafm m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 c\u1edd titan xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho vi\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba Siberia. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Nga \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c gi\u00e0u tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. L\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a Canada v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gia nh\u1eadp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c li\u00ean ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n

H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5. C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m Canada, \u0110an M\u1ea1ch, Ph\u1ea7n Lan, Iceland, Na Uy, Nga, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n

Canada v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh lang T\u00e2y B\u1eafc<\/h2>\n\n

Canada tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a H\u00e0nh lang T\u00e2y B\u1eafc, m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u0103ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2007. H\u00e0nh lang n\u00e0y ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng qua K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Panama, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Canada, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh lang n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n

Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh lang \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc<\/h2>\n\n

\u1ede ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, Nga tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi H\u00e0nh lang \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 \u0111i l\u1ea1i h\u01a1n trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a h\u00e8. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eaft gi\u1eefa Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u0103m d\u00f2 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Chi ph\u00ed cao v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u0103m d\u00f2. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 b\u0103ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

Khi b\u0103ng B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tan ch\u1ea3y, cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua gi\u00e0nh gi\u1eadt c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean gay g\u1eaft h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u0103m d\u00f2 B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Khi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3ng b\u0103ng tan ch\u1ea3y, ai s\u1ebd s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng? Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean ch\u01b0a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[573],"tags":[1354,34,19588,1935,36,19785],"class_list":["post-14773","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-and-climate-science","tag-arctic","tag-climate-change","tag-geopolitics","tag-energy-exploration","tag-environmental-science","tag-natural-resources"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14773","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14773"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14773\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14774,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14773\/revisions\/14774"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14773"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14773"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14773"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}