{"id":14790,"date":"2024-06-22T21:13:10","date_gmt":"2024-06-22T21:13:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14790"},"modified":"2024-06-22T21:13:10","modified_gmt":"2024-06-22T21:13:10","slug":"etta-shiber-american-heroine-french-resistance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/etta-shiber-american-heroine-french-resistance\/","title":{"rendered":"Etta Shiber: N\u1eef anh h\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 trong phong tr\u00e0o Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Etta Shiber: N\u1eef anh h\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 trong phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/h2>\n\n<p>L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, c\u1ef1u n\u1ed9i tr\u1ee3 Manhattan, Etta Kahn Shiber \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 anh h\u00f9ng trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng Paris.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1940, \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Paris, g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Etta v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng, Kitty Beaurepos, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed1n kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd s\u1edbm nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 phe \u0110\u1ed3ng minh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu l\u00ednh \u0110\u1ed3ng minh<\/h2>\n\n<p>L\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Kitty v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p, Etta \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Anh m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 do \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a Foyer du Soldat, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u1eef th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 phi\u1ebfu x\u0103ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh, gi\u1ea5u h\u1ecd trong c\u1ed1p xe.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n\n<p>Etta v\u00e0 Kitty \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Chancel, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Chancel cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u00ednh h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh. \u00d4ng c\u00f2n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u h\u1ecd v\u1edbi Cha Christian Ravier, m\u1ed9t linh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ea9n n\u00e1u cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Anh \u1edf l\u00e0ng Conchy-sur-Canche.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng, Etta v\u00e0 Kitty \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a tr\u00f3t l\u1ecdt h\u01a1n 150 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Anh ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Gestapo v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tu\u1ea7n tra c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u1ecf t\u00f9<\/h2>\n\n<p>B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng Etta v\u00e0 Kitty c\u0169ng b\u1ecb Gestapo b\u1eaft gi\u1eef. H\u1ecd b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea9u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n t\u00f9. Etta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee5 \u00e1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1942, Etta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7p vi\u00ean \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Hoa K\u1ef3. B\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca ng\u1ee3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t anh h\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0 l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: &#8220;T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 mong ch\u1edd m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 y\u00ean b\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i v\u1eabn v\u1eady&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Etta l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II. B\u00e0 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng anh h\u00f9ng v\u00f4 danh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a phe \u0110\u1ed3ng minh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ed3i k\u00fd c\u1ee7a Etta Shiber:<\/strong> Etta \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i k\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Paris Underground, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1943, trong \u0111\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1eef th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecf:<\/strong> Ch\u1eef th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu, cung c\u1ea5p cho Etta v\u00e0 Kitty bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 phi\u1ebfu x\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Cha Christian Ravier:<\/strong> Cha Ravier l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong phong tr\u00e0o Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ea9n n\u00e1u cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Anh v\u00e0 gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho cu\u1ed9c tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m khi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3:<\/strong> Etta v\u00e0 Kitty \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro to l\u1edbn trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef, tra t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Etta Shiber:<\/strong> C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Etta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y nay, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, l\u00f2ng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hy sinh khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Etta Shiber: N\u1eef anh h\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 trong phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p Tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, c\u1ef1u n\u1ed9i tr\u1ee3 Manhattan, Etta Kahn&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23722,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[4244,19808,19809,243,211,19810,56],"class_list":["post-14790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-courage","tag-etta-shiber","tag-french-resistance","tag-resilience","tag-women-in-stem","tag-heroism","tag-world-war-ii"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14790","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14790"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14790\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14791,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14790\/revisions\/14791"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14790"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14790"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14790"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}