{"id":1490,"date":"2021-09-04T08:46:27","date_gmt":"2021-09-04T08:46:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1490"},"modified":"2021-09-04T08:46:27","modified_gmt":"2021-09-04T08:46:27","slug":"black-buffalo-soldiers-epic-bike-ride-across-the-american-west","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/black-buffalo-soldiers-epic-bike-ride-across-the-american-west\/","title":{"rendered":"Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p xuy\u00ean mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1eed thi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh \u0110en Buffalo"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p xuy\u00ean mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1eed thi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh \u0110en Buffalo<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1897, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m g\u1ed3m 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh da \u0111en, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n xe \u0111\u1ea1p b\u1ed9 binh s\u1ed1 25, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e3i m\u00e3i \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p d\u00e0i 1.900 d\u1eb7m qua \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef5 s\u0129 s\u1eaft<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e1 James A. Moss, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec7t danh l\u00e0 &#8220;K\u1ef5 s\u0129 s\u1eaft&#8221; v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng lay chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 Trung s\u0129 Mingo Sanders, m\u1ed9t anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Chi\u1ebfn tranh M\u1ef9-T\u00e2y Ban Nha, v\u00e0 Edward H. Boos, m\u1ed9t ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c phi\u00eau l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n\n<p>H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Fort Missoula, Montana, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1897. Qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n xe \u0111\u1ea1p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c phi\u00eau l\u01b0u gian kh\u1ed5, b\u0103ng qua nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u00e8o hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, nh\u1eefng con s\u00f4ng ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea1p xe qua r\u1eebng, sa m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 b\u0103ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray xe l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u00f9n l\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nu\u1ed1t ch\u1eedng l\u1ed1p xe c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng K\u1ef5 s\u0129 s\u1eaft v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1p xe tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 xe \u0111\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eb7ng g\u1ea7n 80 pound khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft x\u1ea5u, l\u1ed1p xe th\u1ee7ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Khi \u0111i qua mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Buffalo ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng. H\u1ecd b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trang tr\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0103n ri\u00eang v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5p da tr\u1eafng khi \u0111\u1ebfn St. Louis. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng nao n\u00fang v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng K\u1ef5 s\u0129 s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1897, \u0111\u1ebfn St. Louis v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f9ng. Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p xuy\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a xe \u0111\u1ea1p trong trinh s\u00e1t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eed th\u00e1ch, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Buffalo \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng lay chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y nay<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh \u0110en Buffalo v\u00e0 chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p mang t\u00ednh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m d\u1ecdc theo tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p nghi l\u1ec5 theo d\u1ea5u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hy sinh v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh phi th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u1ed5 sung<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7:<\/strong> Chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng K\u1ef5 s\u0129 s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a xe \u0111\u1ea1p cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong b\u1ed9 binh c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm khi\u1ebfn k\u1ef5 binh v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n xe \u0111\u1ea1p tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c Brownsville:<\/strong> Sau khi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh M\u1ef9-T\u00e2y Ban Nha, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh s\u1ed1 25 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb cho xu\u1ea5t ng\u0169 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng vinh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1908 v\u00ec c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c \u00e2m m\u01b0u im l\u1eb7ng trong v\u1ee5 Brownsville. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Phi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Buffalo:<\/strong> H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng K\u1ef5 s\u0129 s\u1eaft v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Buffalo \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p xuy\u00ean mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1eed thi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh \u0110en Buffalo B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1897, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m g\u1ed3m 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh da&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[564,1434,1242],"class_list":["post-1490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-exploration","tag-black-history","tag-military-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1490","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1490"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1490\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1491,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1490\/revisions\/1491"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}