{"id":14910,"date":"2024-03-13T08:33:52","date_gmt":"2024-03-13T08:33:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14910"},"modified":"2024-03-13T08:33:52","modified_gmt":"2024-03-13T08:33:52","slug":"amateur-radio-operators-lifeline-disaster-response","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/technology\/amateur-radio-operators-lifeline-disaster-response\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn: S\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 trong c\u01a1n ho\u1ea1n n\u1ea1n"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi giao ti\u1ebfp quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0: \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y sinh m\u1ec7nh trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn&#8221;, \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi li\u00ean l\u1ea1c quan tr\u1ecdng khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a li\u00ean bang \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c qua s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1n b\u00e3o, chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sau khi c\u01a1n b\u00e3o Katrina t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 B\u1edd bi\u1ec3n v\u00f9ng V\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2005, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c quan tr\u1ecdng. H\u1ecd chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi c\u1ea7u c\u1ee9u, theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3. \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ednh anh h\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh c\u1ee7a s\u1edf th\u00edch n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 735.000 nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Hoa K\u1ef3. S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn cung c\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda v\u00e0 t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng khi xin c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda<\/h2>\n\n<p>Khi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u00eanh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Theo d\u00f5i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c<\/li>\n<li>Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u c\u1ee9u<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3<\/li>\n<li>Cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 y t\u1ebf<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n y\u00eau<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3 (ARRL)<\/h2>\n\n<p>ARRL, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0, \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0. ARRL cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00e3o Harvey: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0<\/h2>\n\n<p>Trong c\u01a1n b\u00e3o Harvey, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>G\u1eedi c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3, h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u1ea7u c\u1ee9u<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee9ng c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u01a1n b\u00e3o v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3, qua \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 trong \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda, v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c:<\/strong> V\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM).<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> V\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed5 \u00edch v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn. \u0110\u1ec3 xin c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua k\u1ef3 thi v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a FCC<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd \u0111\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi FCC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, bao g\u1ed3m li\u00ean l\u1ea1c kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi li\u00ean l\u1ea1c quan tr\u1ecdng khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i. S\u1ef1 t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi giao ti\u1ebfp quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda V\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0: \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y sinh m\u1ec7nh trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[999],"tags":[497,279,19940,97,818,19939,3575],"class_list":["post-14910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology","tag-technology","tag-life-saving","tag-community-service","tag-science","tag-disaster-response","tag-amateur-radio","tag-emergency-communication"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14910"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14910\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14911,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14910\/revisions\/14911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}