{"id":14958,"date":"2023-11-10T07:15:08","date_gmt":"2023-11-10T07:15:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14958"},"modified":"2023-11-10T07:15:08","modified_gmt":"2023-11-10T07:15:08","slug":"stone-tipped-spears-a-critical-advance-in-human-hunting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/archaeology\/stone-tipped-spears-a-critical-advance-in-human-hunting\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1: M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u0103n b\u1eaft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1: M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u0103n b\u1eaft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n<p>Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 trong h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e1 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch ra. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Oldowan, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e1t minh ra \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1t minh ra \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u0103n b\u1eaft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eafn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n cho con m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft con m\u1ed3i nhanh h\u01a1n. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 500.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1edbm h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn ngh\u0129. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Heidelberg, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean chung cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u0103n b\u1eaft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed s\u0103n nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 voi ma m\u00fat v\u00e0 h\u1ed5 r\u0103ng ki\u1ebfm. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp c\u00e1n<\/h2>\n\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh g\u1eafn \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1eafp c\u00e1n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o c\u00e1n gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp c\u00e1n<\/h2>\n\n<p>L\u1eafp c\u00e1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u0103n b\u1eafn. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n. Gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng s\u0103n b\u1eafn kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u0103n trong h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed kim lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u0103n v\u00e0 binh l\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u0103n b\u1eaft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n cho con m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft con m\u1ed3i nhanh h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi bao nhi\u00eau?<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 500.000 n\u0103m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Oldowan v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong> C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Oldowan l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e1 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch ra. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea1o. \u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1n. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed s\u0103n nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1eafp c\u00e1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u0103n b\u1eafn?<\/strong> L\u1eafp c\u00e1n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh g\u1eafn \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c. N\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u0103n b\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n. Gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng s\u0103n b\u1eafn kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1: M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u0103n b\u1eaft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[19991,19990,19989,487],"class_list":["post-14958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-prehistoric-tools","tag-hunting-technology","tag-stone-tipped-spears","tag-human-evolution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14958"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14958\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14959,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14958\/revisions\/14959"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}