{"id":14974,"date":"2023-11-24T23:47:22","date_gmt":"2023-11-24T23:47:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14974"},"modified":"2023-11-24T23:47:22","modified_gmt":"2023-11-24T23:47:22","slug":"cheating-end-game-effect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/psychology\/cheating-end-game-effect\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat: Gian l\u1eadn \u1edf v\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gian l\u1eadn: Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng khi m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 s\u1eafp ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tham gia v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng trung th\u1ef1c h\u01a1n. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat&#8221;, x\u1ea3y ra trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 thao c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat<\/h3>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c suy gi\u1ea3m:<\/strong> Khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy y\u1ebfu. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c1p l\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c:<\/strong> \u00c1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5n \u00e1t c\u00e1c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1ed7i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c:<\/strong> Khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u00e1 cao ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u00edch gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gian l\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat<\/h3>\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tung \u0111\u1ed3ng xu:<\/strong> Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i tung \u0111\u1ed3ng xu, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gian l\u1eadn (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi sai l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang) khi h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn:<\/strong> Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng cao h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia v\u00e0 quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tham gia v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi phi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh r\u1eddi nhi\u1ec7m s\u1edf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u0103m h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> H\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gian l\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 thi ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp trong nh\u1eefng tu\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc k\u1ef3, v\u00ec h\u1ecd v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u g\u00f4n:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i g\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c tham gia v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi phi th\u1ec3 thao \u1edf h\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat<\/h3>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c:<\/strong> T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 gian l\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd:<\/strong> Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u0103n h\u00f3a li\u00eam ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u00e0nh vi gian l\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi gian l\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng trung th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i:<\/strong> Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi gian l\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra h\u00e0nh vi gian l\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u1eddi gian:<\/strong> Chia nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gian l\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gian l\u1eadn: Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng khi m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 s\u1eafp ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tham gia v\u00e0o&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[1280,742,20003,16523,1237],"class_list":["post-14974","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-psychology","tag-ethics","tag-behavior","tag-end-game-effect","tag-cheating","tag-psychology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14974","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14974"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14974\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14975,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14974\/revisions\/14975"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14974"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14974"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14974"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}