{"id":15022,"date":"2022-10-03T10:38:15","date_gmt":"2022-10-03T10:38:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15022"},"modified":"2022-10-03T10:38:15","modified_gmt":"2022-10-03T10:38:15","slug":"shirley-chisholm-trailblazing-pioneer-american-politics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/life\/politics\/shirley-chisholm-trailblazing-pioneer-american-politics\/","title":{"rendered":"Shirley Chisholm: Nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean phong ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Shirley Chisholm: Nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean phong trong n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Hoa K\u1ef3<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1eadp tan r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n\n

Shirley Chisholm \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1968 khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef da m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00fang c\u1eed v\u00e0o Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc mang t\u00ednh b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh trong n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Hoa K\u1ef3. Vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0 Chisholm kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\n

Tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n

Chisholm sinh ra t\u1ea1i Brooklyn, New York, n\u0103m 1924, cha m\u1eb9 b\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng Caribbean. B\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tham gia c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef B\u1ea7u c\u1eed v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi da m\u00e0u (NAACP), \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho quy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1964, Chisholm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang New York, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Phi th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y. B\u1ed1n n\u0103m sau, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u1ed1c gia khi gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gh\u1ebf t\u1ea1i H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n Hoa K\u1ef3. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef ngh\u1ecb s\u0129, Chisholm l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch gay g\u1eaft cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n

Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1972, Chisholm tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi \u0111i m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi da m\u00e0u trong n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Chisholm tin r\u1eb1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 s\u1ebd khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng cho s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Chisholm kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0 tr\u00fang c\u1eed v\u00e0o Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. B\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi cho c\u00f4ng l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00ec quy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kinh t\u1ebf cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 tham gia ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i She Built NYC<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u mang t\u00ednh b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Chisholm, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York \u0111ang d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 vinh danh b\u00e0 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn She Built NYC. S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1edbi trong c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, n\u00eau b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef cho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mua chu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Chisholm, “kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mua chu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c”, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh cam k\u1ebft ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. Tinh th\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean phong t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o<\/h2>\n\n

Shirley Chisholm l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 phai m\u1edd trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Hoa K\u1ef3. Vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn b\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean phong th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Shirley Chisholm: Nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean phong trong n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0110\u1eadp tan r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Shirley Chisholm \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1968 khi tr\u1edf…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[223],"tags":[64,1368,527,1068,19,20061,18619,1879,20060,1169],"class_list":["post-15022","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politics","tag-equality","tag-activism","tag-social-justice","tag-representation","tag-american-history","tag-first-black-congresswoman","tag-women-in-politics","tag-civil-rights","tag-shirley-chisholm","tag-trailblazer"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15022","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15022"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15022\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15023,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15022\/revisions\/15023"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15022"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15022"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15022"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}