{"id":15031,"date":"2023-05-19T23:49:54","date_gmt":"2023-05-19T23:49:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15031"},"modified":"2023-05-19T23:49:54","modified_gmt":"2023-05-19T23:49:54","slug":"time-lapse-photography-reveals-the-beauty-of-chemical-crystallization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/chemistry\/time-lapse-photography-reveals-the-beauty-of-chemical-crystallization\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft tinh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: B\u1eaft tr\u1ecdn kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh tua nhanh th\u1eddi gian"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft tinh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: B\u1eaft tr\u1ecdn kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh tua nhanh th\u1eddi gian<\/h2>\n\n

Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u1ebft tinh<\/h3>\n\n

H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 kim lo\u1ea1i khi ch\u00fang ra \u0111\u1eddi. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia Emanuele Fornasier \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m th\u00f4ng qua ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u1ebft tinh. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i trong dung d\u1ecbch l\u1ecfng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n

Nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh tua nhanh th\u1eddi gian h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh tua nhanh th\u1eddi gian tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a Fornasier \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e9n b\u1ee9c m\u00e0n b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u1ebft tinh \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng tinh th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh x\u1ea3o, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i, c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ec9 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 san h\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng nh\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u1ebft tinh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng nh\u00e1nh. Nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebft, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh m\u1ecdc ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m trung t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb1ng sau v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p<\/h3>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n k\u1ebft tinh x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i trong dung d\u1ecbch nh\u1eadn electron, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i r\u1eafn. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed n\u00e0y k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ion kim lo\u1ea1i cao v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed5 sung electron di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb t\u1eeb cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh hydro<\/h2>\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u1ebft tinh, kh\u00ed hydro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng bong b\u00f3ng nh\u1ecf li ti n\u00e0y bao quanh c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1eaft tr\u1ecdn c\u00e1i v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<\/h3>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Fornasier kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ghi l\u1ea1i v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tinh th\u1ec3, \u00f4ng gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a: B\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc m\u00e0u<\/h3>\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u1ebft tinh, Fornasier c\u00f2n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a, trong \u0111\u00f3 hai dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a ra kh\u1ecfi dung d\u1ecbch l\u1ecfng. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc nh\u01b0 m\u01a1, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u1ecdt<\/h3>\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Fornasier \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tr\u1ecdn kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt dung d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y g\u1eb7p dung d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c, g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nhanh. Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u1ecdt n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1eabu tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng hoa \u0111ang n\u1edf hay s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 b\u1ed1c l\u00ean t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n

Ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea d\u00e0nh cho h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n\n

Ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a Fornasier v\u1edbi h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. \u00d4ng tin r\u1eb1ng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady tr\u00ed t\u00f2 m\u00f2 v\u00e0 th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda khao kh\u00e1t hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n

V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u1eed th\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y tr\u00ean phim \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Fornasier s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Fornasier bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng m\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft tinh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: B\u1eaft tr\u1ecdn kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh tua nhanh th\u1eddi gian Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u1ebft tinh H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3804],"tags":[20069,20068,1227,6532,20070],"class_list":["post-15031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry","tag-electrocrystallization","tag-chemical-crystallization","tag-science-and-art","tag-time-lapse-photography","tag-precipitation-reactions"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15031","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15031"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15031\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15032,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15031\/revisions\/15032"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15031"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15031"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15031"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}