M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Khoan \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p (IODP) l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch khoan s\u00e2u 3,7 d\u1eb7m xu\u1ed1ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch mang v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eeb l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh.<\/p>\n\n
L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 b\u00e1n n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u1ecf. N\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n 84% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00fai l\u1eeda. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t \u00edt v\u1ec1 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n
Khoan xu\u1ed1ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi\u1ebfn m\u0169i khoan kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xuy\u00ean th\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00e1. Ngo\u00e0i ra, l\u1ed7 khoan ph\u1ea3i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 h\u1eb9p, khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e1 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n
Nh\u00f3m IODP c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch khoan qua \u0111\u00e1y Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u01a1i l\u1edbp v\u1ecf m\u1ecfng nh\u1ea5t. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0u khoan Chikyu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u0169i khoan cacbua vonfram c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee9ng. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n
N\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eeb l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1edbi trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n
Ngo\u00e0i \u00fd ngh\u0129a khoa h\u1ecdc, s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh Apollo c\u1ee7a NASA v\u00e0 t\u00e0u th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m Curiosity g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd theo \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n
Nh\u00f3m IODP \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi khi khoan g\u1ea7n 7.000 feet b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. Nh\u00f3m s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eeb l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1:<\/p>\n\n
Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1edbi trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 tham v\u1ecdng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[207,564,97,342,572],"class_list":["post-15061","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-geology","tag-exploration","tag-science","tag-life-science","tag-earth-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15061","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15061"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15061\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15062,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15061\/revisions\/15062"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15061"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15061"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15061"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}