{"id":15143,"date":"2023-05-22T07:52:33","date_gmt":"2023-05-22T07:52:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15143"},"modified":"2023-05-22T07:52:33","modified_gmt":"2023-05-22T07:52:33","slug":"astronaut-twin-study-reveals-surprising-effects-of-space-on-the-body","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/space-exploration\/astronaut-twin-study-reveals-surprising-effects-of-space-on-the-body\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eb7p song sinh phi h\u00e0nh gia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eb7p song sinh phi h\u00e0nh gia ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eb7p song sinh gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eb7p song sinh mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a NASA, so s\u00e1nh s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a hai phi h\u00e0nh gia song sinh gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau Scott v\u00e0 Mark Kelly, \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau chuy\u1ebfn du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n

Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i telomere v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh metyl h\u00f3a DNA b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i telomere t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u1edf Scott Kelly khi anh \u1edf ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng gian. Telomere, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3, th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn l\u1ea1i theo tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Scott, ch\u00fang d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, cho th\u1ea5y du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng metyl h\u00f3a DNA trong c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Scott. Metyl h\u00f3a DNA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng metyl h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m trong kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh, thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 Scott. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 g\u00e2y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng gian trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eb7p song sinh c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng gian trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c phi h\u00e0nh gia trong c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i telomere v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe<\/h2>\n\n

Telomere ng\u1eafn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i telomere t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u theo d\u00f5i chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i telomere c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phi h\u00e0nh gia trong v\u00e0 sau c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n\n

Metyl h\u00f3a DNA v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen<\/h2>\n\n

Metyl h\u00f3a DNA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a ch\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng metyl h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m trong c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Scott cho th\u1ea5y du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gen tham gia v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c gen c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a phi h\u00e0nh gia.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eb7p song sinh nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 sung dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n

Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/h2>\n\n

D\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eb7p song sinh c\u1ee7a NASA s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m t\u1edbi. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb1ng sau nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Scott Kelly. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eb7p song sinh phi h\u00e0nh gia ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eb7p song sinh gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau l\u00e0m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[494],"tags":[2883,20213,20214,7753,20212],"class_list":["post-15143","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-space-exploration","tag-space-travel","tag-dna-methylation","tag-twin-study","tag-astronaut-health","tag-telomeres"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15143"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15143\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15144,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15143\/revisions\/15144"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}