{"id":15196,"date":"2019-05-02T06:28:25","date_gmt":"2019-05-02T06:28:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15196"},"modified":"2019-05-02T06:28:25","modified_gmt":"2019-05-02T06:28:25","slug":"unveiling-hidden-history-hyperspectral-imaging-reveals-lost-mesoamerican-manuscript","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/archaeological-science\/unveiling-hidden-history-hyperspectral-imaging-reveals-lost-mesoamerican-manuscript\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u: K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh si\u00eau quang ph\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o Mixtec \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u: K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh si\u00eau quang ph\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o Trung M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n

Ngay t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4 Aztec, Tenochtitlan, t\u1eebng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y kho t\u00e0ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb chinh ph\u1ee5c T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2n t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c v\u00e0o kho tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. Quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng phong t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 20 b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o ti\u1ec1n Columbus.<\/p>\n\n

Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng di t\u00edch c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt Selden, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt A\u00f1ute, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Bodleian c\u1ee7a Oxford mua l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17. Chi\u1ebfc hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 16 feet, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb da h\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp s\u01a1n th\u1ea1ch cao tr\u1eafng. C\u00e1c trang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea5p theo ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e0n accordion, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp th\u1ea1ch cao v\u00e0 ph\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1edf kh\u00f3a nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh si\u00eau quang ph\u1ed5<\/h2>\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh si\u00eau quang ph\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf kh\u00f3a nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u trong B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt Selden. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng, h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh si\u00eau quang ph\u1ed5, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o Mixtec \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf Oaxaca, Mexico ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Mixtec<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt Selden th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao ch\u00e9p, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh Mixtec t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 cho kho t\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ti\u1ec1n Columbus.<\/p>\n\n

C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/h2>\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch si\u00eau quang ph\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 27 h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trang duy nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u tinh x\u1ea3o v\u00e0 c\u1ea7m tr\u00ean tay nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y g\u1eady ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u00fd t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa th\u00eam c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n

H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o<\/h2>\n\n

\u201cKh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mixtec\u201d, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ludo Snijders c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Leiden cho bi\u1ebft. \u201cB\u1ea3n v\u0103n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o Mixtec th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 nh\u1ecb\u201d.<\/p>\n\n

H\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u00e9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt Selden, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1eefa v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Trung M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh si\u00eau quang ph\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc, h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Mixtec m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh si\u00eau quang ph\u1ed5, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf kh\u00f3a nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n chung c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u: K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh si\u00eau quang ph\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o Trung M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t Ngay t\u1ea1i…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3404],"tags":[20274,20273,88,27,20272,20275,4952],"class_list":["post-15196","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeological-science","tag-hyperspectral-imaging","tag-codex","tag-archaeology","tag-history","tag-mixtec","tag-palimpsest","tag-mesoamerica"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15196","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15196"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15196\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15197,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15196\/revisions\/15197"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15196"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15196"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15196"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}