{"id":15484,"date":"2019-11-13T01:08:42","date_gmt":"2019-11-13T01:08:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15484"},"modified":"2019-11-13T01:08:42","modified_gmt":"2019-11-13T01:08:42","slug":"permafrost-melting-climate-change-consequences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/climate-science\/permafrost-melting-climate-change-consequences\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y: M\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00edch \u1ee9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng b\u0103ng gi\u00e1 \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, c\u1eadn B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00fai \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, bao g\u1ed3m r\u1eebng, l\u00e3nh nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong chu tr\u00ecnh carbon to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y: D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng cao do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111ang khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tan ch\u1ea3y n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u1edf Alaska, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan b\u0103ng theo m\u00f9a.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3nh quan thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh thermokarst, m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u1ed1, ao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t l\u00fan. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Carbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng CO2 v\u00e0 metan khi \u0111\u1ea5t tan b\u0103ng. S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t l\u00fan ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u1ede nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, n\u01a1i m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp carbon, nh\u01b0ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng carbon v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a than b\u00f9n v\u00e0 r\u00eau<\/h2>\n\n<p>Than b\u00f9n v\u00e0 r\u00eau \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu kh\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y b\u1ecb x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb tan b\u0103ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng ph\u00eda B\u1eafc<\/h2>\n\n<p>Khi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cho l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111ang l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng th\u00eam CO2 v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i b\u1ed5 sung:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c carbon c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng ph\u00eda b\u1eafc<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/li>\n<li>Thermokarst v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i metan<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o s\u1edbm v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu tan ch\u1ea3y<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i than b\u00f9n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng b\u0103ng gi\u00e1 \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[1354,34,4739,283,219],"class_list":["post-15484","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-science","tag-arctic","tag-climate-change","tag-permafrost","tag-environment","tag-ecology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15484","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15484"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15484\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15485,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15484\/revisions\/15485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15484"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15484"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}