{"id":15721,"date":"2023-11-26T14:21:43","date_gmt":"2023-11-26T14:21:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15721"},"modified":"2023-11-26T14:21:43","modified_gmt":"2023-11-26T14:21:43","slug":"silent-protests-a-powerful-tool-against-repression","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/life\/activism\/silent-protests-a-powerful-tool-against-repression\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi\u1ec3u T\u00ecnh Im L\u1eb7ng: S\u1ee9c M\u1ea1nh Th\u1ea7m L\u1eb7ng Ch\u1ed1ng \u00c1p B\u1ee9c"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng: C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

Bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i. Chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u01b0 Cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh im l\u1eb7ng n\u0103m 1917 v\u00e0 m\u00e0n ch\u00e0o Black Power t\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i n\u0103m 1968.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng<\/h2>\n\n

\u1ede c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i, n\u01a1i ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t tr\u00e0n lan, t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u01a1 cao nh\u1eefng t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c x\u00fac c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n

Phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 2022, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch zero-covid nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng, ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t l\u1ec7nh phong t\u1ecfa nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u00e0n \u00e1p s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i<\/h2>\n\n

\u1ede nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn, bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t, b\u1eaft gi\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u1ede H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, \u00f4 d\u00f9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, trong khi \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan, m\u00e0n ch\u00e0o ba ng\u00f3n tay t\u1eeb “The Hunger Games” \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n

Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng. \u1ede Li\u00ean X\u00f4, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc samizdat \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 v\u0103n nh\u01b0 L\u1ed7 T\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thi\u00ean An M\u00f4n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n sau \u0111\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh n\u0103m 1989 t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thi\u00ean An M\u00f4n \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng b\u1ecbt m\u1eaft v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh v\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecf nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a hy v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch v\u00e0 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ph\u1edbt l\u1edd ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p ch\u00fang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

Bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u01a1i quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u. T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 trao quy\u1ec1n cho c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng: C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh im l\u1eb7ng l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4059],"tags":[20903,17317,11,20902,4829,3244],"class_list":["post-15721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-activism","tag-authoritarianism","tag-dissent","tag-censorship","tag-silent-protests","tag-resistance","tag-social-change"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15721","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15721"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15721\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15722,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15721\/revisions\/15722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15721"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15721"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15721"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}