{"id":16025,"date":"2024-09-25T07:29:52","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T07:29:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16025"},"modified":"2024-09-25T07:29:52","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T07:29:52","slug":"the-dawn-of-blood-banking-a-medical-revolution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/medical-science\/the-dawn-of-blood-banking-a-medical-revolution\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u: Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng y c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh y t\u1ebf"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u00ecnh minh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u: M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng y h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 sinh m\u1ea1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1937, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng y t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n

B\u00e1c s\u0129 Bernard Fantus, m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa tr\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1eadn Cook, Chicago, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y. L\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n m\u00e1u, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Fantus \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd: b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n m\u00e1u trong th\u1eddi gian k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c 10 ng\u00e0y. Th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp “Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n m\u00e1u” t\u1ea1i B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1eadn Cook, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh “Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1eadn Cook” \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 lo ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u<\/h2>\n\n

S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 Fantus \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u. N\u0103m 1941, trung t\u00e2m hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i San Francisco, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng M\u00e1u Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1947. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thu th\u1eadp, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi, v\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t m\u00e1u. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u, c\u00e1c ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong cao. Nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u truy\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n m\u00e1u<\/h2>\n\n

Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n m\u00e1u b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 Fantus, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u. Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng cao. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p m\u00e1u, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 thi cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Bernard Fantus: Nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean phong y h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Bernard Fantus kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ecdc thu\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb em d\u1ec5 u\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t c\u1ecf kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e2y c\u1ecf ph\u1ea5n h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Chicago, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u<\/h2>\n\n

Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1u, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sau truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf m\u00e1u nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u00e0y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00ecnh minh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u: M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng y h\u1ecdc S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24435,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3029],"tags":[21292,21290,21293,705,21291],"class_list":["post-16025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medical-science","tag-bernard-fantus","tag-blood-banking","tag-blood-preservation","tag-medical-history","tag-transfusion-medicine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16025"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16025\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24436,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16025\/revisions\/24436"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24435"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}