{"id":16154,"date":"2020-05-29T16:01:42","date_gmt":"2020-05-29T16:01:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16154"},"modified":"2020-05-29T16:01:42","modified_gmt":"2020-05-29T16:01:42","slug":"menopause-in-wild-chimpanzees-a-new-discovery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/animal-biology\/menopause-in-wild-chimpanzees-a-new-discovery\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u00e3n kinh \u1edf tinh tinh hoang d\u00e3: M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ed5i m\u00e3n kinh \u1edf tinh tinh ngo\u00e0i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean: M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1edbi<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Science, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e3n kinh \u1edf nh\u1eefng con tinh tinh c\u00e1i hoang d\u00e3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Tu\u1ed5i m\u00e3n kinh, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a chu k\u1ef3 kinh nguy\u1ec7t, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 voi c\u00f3 r\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 theo d\u00f5i 185 con tinh tinh c\u00e1i t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia Kibale c\u1ee7a Uganda trong 21 n\u0103m. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3m sau khi nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt n\u00e0y b\u01b0\u1edbc sang tu\u1ed5i 30 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang sinh con sau khi b\u01b0\u1edbc sang tu\u1ed5i 50.<\/p>\n\n

N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 hormone c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf nh\u1eefng con tinh tinh sau m\u00e3n kinh, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 hormone k\u00edch th\u00edch nang tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 hormone luteinizing t\u0103ng l\u00ean, trong khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 estrogen v\u00e0 progestin gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 hormone n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00e3n kinh ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n \u1edf tinh tinh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 50 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u suy \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e3n kinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nh\u1eefng con tinh tinh Ngogo, nh\u1eefng con tinh tinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao h\u01a1n do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9c \u0103n. Tinh tinh Ngogo c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e3n kinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf tinh tinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 khai th\u00e1c g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 du nh\u1eadp b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m \u00fd ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c “gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft b\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i”, v\u1ed1n cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n tu\u1ed5i sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i ch\u00fang. \u1ede tinh tinh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1i l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eebng sinh s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1i tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i sinh s\u1ea3n. “Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ea1nh tranh h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng” n\u00e0y cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e3n kinh \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh trong nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n\n

So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i tinh tinh kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean chung cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 tinh tinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e3n kinh. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e3n kinh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tinh tinh kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 li\u1ec7u bonobo – m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi tinh tinh l\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi – c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao sau khi ng\u1eebng sinh s\u1ea3n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e3n kinh \u1edf tinh tinh hoang d\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 sinh s\u1ea3n \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ed5i m\u00e3n kinh \u1edf tinh tinh ngo\u00e0i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean: M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1edbi Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n Trong m\u1ed9t…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21407],"tags":[309,16088,1591,136,1038],"class_list":["post-16154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-biology","tag-animal-behavior","tag-menopause","tag-primatology","tag-evolution","tag-chimpanzees"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16154"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16155,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16154\/revisions\/16155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}