{"id":16230,"date":"2024-05-24T05:25:55","date_gmt":"2024-05-24T05:25:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16230"},"modified":"2024-05-24T05:25:55","modified_gmt":"2024-05-24T05:25:55","slug":"the-carnegie-a-voyage-into-the-earths-magnetic-field","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/the-carnegie-a-voyage-into-the-earths-magnetic-field\/","title":{"rendered":"Carnegie: H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"

Carnegie: H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n

Con t\u00e0u mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n

Carnegie, m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u phi t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1909, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3y chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 s\u1ed3i v\u00e0 g\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng Oregon ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, con t\u00e0u c\u00f3 hai m\u00e1i v\u00f2m quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

James Percy Ault: M\u1ed9t thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y<\/h2>\n\n

James Percy Ault, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Carnegie trong 25 n\u0103m. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i thuy\u1ec1n kho\u1ea3ng 250.000 d\u1eb7m v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong h\u01a1n 1.000 b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i<\/h2>\n\n

Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Carnegie l\u00e0 l\u1eadp bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eang t\u1eeb, g\u00f3c gi\u1eefa t\u1eeb b\u1eafc v\u00e0 b\u1eafc th\u1eadt. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eang ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho t\u00e0u \u0111i bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, Carnegie c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m Nam C\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1915, Carnegie \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh gian nan v\u00f2ng quanh Nam C\u1ef1c. \u0110i qua 133 t\u1ea3ng b\u0103ng tr\u00f4i, con t\u00e0u ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng b\u0103ng tr\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i. Ault c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c quang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u0103ng gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1929, Carnegie b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m d\u00e0i 110.000 d\u1eb7m \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Sau khi gh\u00e9 th\u0103m c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, con t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3 neo t\u1ea1i Apia, Samoa.<\/p>\n\n

Tai h\u1ecda bi th\u1ea3m<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1929, m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi boong t\u00e0u, nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm Carnegie trong bi\u1ec3n l\u1eeda. Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ault b\u1ecb n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eed n\u1ea1n v\u00ec nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm con t\u00e0u, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t cu\u1ed9c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c bi th\u1ea3m, Carnegie \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a con t\u00e0u, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn Washington, \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a Carnegie \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n

James Percy Ault: M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m<\/h2>\n\n

Ault kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i t\u00e0i ba m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Carnegie \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ecba v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h2>\n\n

Carnegie v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp h\u01a1n 6.000 b\u1ea3n ghi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh theo \u0111u\u1ed5i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n

Carnegie: Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Carnegie l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9 trong vi\u1ec7c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro li\u00ean quan, con t\u00e0u v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Carnegie: H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t Con t\u00e0u mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 Carnegie, m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u phi t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1909, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23508,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1694],"tags":[564,572,21530,1302,3638],"class_list":["post-16230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-earth-and-planetary-sciences","tag-exploration","tag-earth-science","tag-carnegie-ship","tag-oceanography","tag-magnetic-field"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16230"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16231,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16230\/revisions\/16231"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23508"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}