{"id":16232,"date":"2020-04-26T12:05:17","date_gmt":"2020-04-26T12:05:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16232"},"modified":"2020-04-26T12:05:17","modified_gmt":"2020-04-26T12:05:17","slug":"ice-needles-sculpt-stone-patterns-in-frigid-landscapes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/earth-science\/ice-needles-sculpt-stone-patterns-in-frigid-landscapes\/","title":{"rendered":"Kim b\u0103ng: Nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 b\u0103ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kim b\u0103ng: Nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 b\u0103ng<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kim b\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 m\u00ea cung<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u1ede nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 r\u00e3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 xo\u00e1y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 khi nh\u1eefng tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 s\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kim b\u0103ng, nh\u00f4 l\u00ean t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n<p>Khi kim b\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u00e0 tan ra, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean s\u1ecfi sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u00f9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u01b0\u1eddn thi\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 suy \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1ch kim b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e2m xuy\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kim b\u0103ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kim b\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t co l\u1ea1i khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m, h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1m v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf h\u1eb9p tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n<p>Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng, bi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ecf, s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 pha l\u00ea.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea1o h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh xo\u00e1y v\u00e0 g\u1edd trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean s\u1ecfi l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ea3o ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea9m, m\u1ecbn. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng v\u00e0 r\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh quan thu nh\u1ecf, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean s\u1ecfi di chuy\u1ec3n khi b\u0103ng tan.<\/p>\n\n<p>Khi \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc kim b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e2m xuy\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdn c\u1ecf m\u1ecdc. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc kim d\u00e0i cao v\u00e0i cm, nh\u1ea5c nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean s\u1ecfi l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 r\u01a1i kh\u1ecfi b\u0103ng v\u00e0 l\u0103n sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Theo th\u1eddi gian: S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft<\/h2>\n\n<p>Theo th\u1eddi gian, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng-tan b\u0103ng l\u00e0m l\u1ed9 ra nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u00e1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5m, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, trong khi tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ed1c, ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng th\u1eb3ng t\u1eafp.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<li>Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a kim b\u0103ng<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u00ean sao H\u1ecfa<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chuy\u00ean gia tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng-tan b\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sao H\u1ecfa. \u0110\u1ea5t tr\u00ean H\u00e0nh tinh \u0110\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng l\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1edf ra ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 co l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa sau khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed9i \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y tr\u00ean sao H\u1ecfa di\u1ec5n ra tinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ecfi v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh quan t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea5m l\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 b\u0103ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kim b\u0103ng: Nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 b\u0103ng Kim b\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 m\u00ea cung \u1ede nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00e1c&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[34,21533,21531,572,21534,21532],"class_list":["post-16232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-climate-change","tag-frigid-landscapes","tag-ice-needles","tag-earth-science","tag-natural-art","tag-stone-patterns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16232"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16233,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16232\/revisions\/16233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}