{"id":16361,"date":"2024-11-14T07:21:24","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T07:21:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16361"},"modified":"2024-11-14T07:21:24","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T07:21:24","slug":"public-drinking-fountains-disappearing-detrimental","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/environmental-science\/public-drinking-fountains-disappearing-detrimental\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng: \u0110ang bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng: \u0110ang bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. \u1ede c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i London v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1859. \u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc nhanh ch\u00f3ng lan r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng clo \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 ca t\u1eed vong do ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng chai. Tuy nhi\u00ean, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng \u0111ang bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3. S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea9n<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng chai<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng chai<\/h2>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng chai thay v\u00ec \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 1,5 tri\u1ec7u th\u00f9ng d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra 50 t\u1ef7 chai n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ef1a m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng chai n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a n\u00e0y g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3, g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng chai th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng chai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n trong chai nh\u1ef1a, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh b\u00e9o ph\u00ec, ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 2 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chai nh\u1ef1a, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong> X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y r\u1ebb h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng chai.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3:<\/strong> C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi:<\/strong> C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00ean l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c:<\/strong> C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng chai.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng: \u0110ang bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng \u0110\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24867,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[21683,283,3353,120,178],"class_list":["post-16361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environmental-science","tag-drinking-fountains","tag-environment","tag-water","tag-sustainability","tag-public-health"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16361"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24868,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16361\/revisions\/24868"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}