{"id":1641,"date":"2022-10-23T12:34:12","date_gmt":"2022-10-23T12:34:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1641"},"modified":"2022-10-23T12:34:12","modified_gmt":"2022-10-23T12:34:12","slug":"ulysses-s-grants-complex-relationship-with-slavery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/ulysses-s-grants-complex-relationship-with-slavery\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Ulysses S. Grant v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Ulysses S. Grant v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin<\/h2>\n\n

Ulysses S. Grant, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh trong N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3, l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi \u00f4ng k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Julia Dent Grant v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1848, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gia nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, Grant kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch c\u00f4ng khai ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n

White Haven v\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7<\/h2>\n\n

T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1854 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1858, Grant l\u00e0m n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i White Haven, \u0111i\u1ec1n trang c\u1ee7a cha v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng \u1edf Missouri. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u1eb7t g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda. Mary Robinson, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n

N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h2>\n\n

Khi N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn n\u1ed5 ra, Grant kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u00e3i n\u00f4. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn t\u1eadn m\u1eaft nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i kinh ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1863, \u00f4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u201c\u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ed3i sinh\u201d. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh da \u0111en, nh\u1eadn ra ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n

Julia Dent Grant v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch<\/h2>\n\n

Julia Dent Grant s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ed1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Jule, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u00e0m y t\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u g\u00e1i cho b\u00e0 trong h\u01a1n ba th\u1eadp k\u1ef7. Jule \u0111i c\u00f9ng Julia trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen thu\u1ed9c trong c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa Jule v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh Grant, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1864.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do<\/h2>\n\n

Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103m 1863 kh\u00f4ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch \u1edf Missouri, v\u00ec ti\u1ec3u bang n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam. Julia Dent Grant tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u1edfi tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. N\u0103m 1859, Grant \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 t\u00ean l\u00e0 William Jones, nh\u01b0ng l\u00fd do cho h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf Missouri<\/h2>\n\n

Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf Missouri c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u00e1p b\u1ee9c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t ngay c\u1ea3 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en t\u1ef1 do ch\u1ec9 cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

V\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Dred Scott v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n

Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tai ti\u1ebfng Dred Scott v. Sandford n\u0103m 1857 c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu th\u00eam quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en t\u1ef1 do \u1edf Missouri. Ch\u00e1nh \u00e1n Roger B. Taney l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en, d\u00f9 t\u1ef1 do hay b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n theo Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p. Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc gi\u1eefa mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Grant<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng Ulysses S. Grant \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c chi\u00eau m\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh da \u0111en s\u1ebd c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 Li\u00ean minh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam. S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Grant t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 n\u00f4 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 b\u00e3i n\u00f4 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Hoa K\u1ef3 trong th\u1eddi N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n

Tham quan Di t\u00edch L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u1ed1c gia Ulysses S. Grant<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ulysses S. Grant v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m Di t\u00edch L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u1ed1c gia Ulysses S. Grant t\u1ea1i White Haven \u1edf St. Louis. Di t\u00edch n\u00e0y b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n trang n\u01a1i Grant v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng sinh s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Ulysses S. Grant v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin Ulysses S. Grant, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[353,27,765,1001,3566],"class_list":["post-1641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-abolitionism","tag-history","tag-slavery","tag-civil-war","tag-ulysses-s-grant"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1641"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1642,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1641\/revisions\/1642"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}