{"id":16418,"date":"2023-12-28T09:14:19","date_gmt":"2023-12-28T09:14:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16418"},"modified":"2023-12-28T09:14:19","modified_gmt":"2023-12-28T09:14:19","slug":"triceratops-from-giant-bison-to-horned-dinosaur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/paleontology\/triceratops-from-giant-bison-to-horned-dinosaur\/","title":{"rendered":"Triceratops: C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

Triceratops: T\u1eeb tr\u00e2u r\u1eebng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ee7ng long c\u00f3 s\u1eebng<\/h2>\n\n

Triceratops: G\u00e3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 ba s\u1eebng<\/h2>\n\n

Triceratops, lo\u00e0i kh\u1ee7ng long mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi ba chi\u1ebfc s\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i kh\u1ee7ng long n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, Triceratops ban \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con tr\u00e2u r\u1eebng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra Triceratops<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1887, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean trung h\u1ecdc t\u00ean l\u00e0 George Cannon \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra hai chi\u1ebfc s\u1eebng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed9p s\u1ecd t\u1ea1i Colorado. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi nh\u1eefng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn Othniel Charles Marsh, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yale. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, Marsh tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc s\u1eebng n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t con tr\u00e2u r\u1eebng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y l\u00e0 “Bison alticornis”.<\/p>\n\n

Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Marsh<\/h2>\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Marsh v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u0103m 1888, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i kh\u1ee7ng long t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 “Ceratops”, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc s\u1eebng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn cho \u00f4ng. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, Marsh ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc s\u1eebng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gai gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a Stegosaurus.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ti\u1ebfp theo v\u1ec1 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch kh\u1ee7ng long c\u00f3 s\u1eebng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 h\u1ed9p s\u1ecd m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Triceratops horridus v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1889, \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Marsh ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u00e0i v\u00e0 nh\u1ecdn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1eebng, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m kh\u1ee7ng long ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu so s\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n\n

Sai l\u1ea7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Marsh nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu so s\u00e1nh trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh s\u1eebng c\u1ee7a Triceratops v\u1edbi s\u1eebng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, Marsh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n, b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Triceratops m\u1edbi tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n

Triceratops so v\u1edbi tr\u00e2u r\u1eebng: \u0110i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Marsh ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea7m Triceratops v\u1edbi tr\u00e2u r\u1eebng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu gi\u1eefa hai lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y. C\u1ea3 Triceratops v\u00e0 tr\u00e2u r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1eebng g\u1eafn tr\u00ean h\u1ed9p s\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1eebng c\u1ee7a Triceratops l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc kh\u1ecfe h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi s\u1eebng c\u1ee7a tr\u00e2u r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Marsh c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 kh\u1ee7ng long v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. Ch\u01b0a ai t\u1eebng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t con kh\u1ee7ng long ceratopsia ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 Marsh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i m\u1eabu h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m trong khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Marsh kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

Triceratops: M\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

Triceratops th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0o t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00f4i s\u1eebng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 v\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u1ee7ng long kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Triceratops v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i kh\u1ee7ng long kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Triceratops: T\u1eeb tr\u00e2u r\u1eebng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ee7ng long c\u00f3 s\u1eebng Triceratops: G\u00e3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 ba s\u1eebng Triceratops, lo\u00e0i kh\u1ee7ng long mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi ba chi\u1ebfc s\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[138],"tags":[137,97,134,141,2701],"class_list":["post-16418","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paleontology","tag-paleontology","tag-science","tag-dinosaurs","tag-natural-history","tag-triceratops"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16418","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16418"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16418\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16419,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16418\/revisions\/16419"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16418"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16418"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16418"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}