{"id":16454,"date":"2024-02-02T16:56:07","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T16:56:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16454"},"modified":"2024-02-02T16:56:07","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T16:56:07","slug":"unveiling-the-remarkable-journey-of-cats-how-feline-friends-spread-across-the-globe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/zoology\/unveiling-the-remarkable-journey-of-cats-how-feline-friends-spread-across-the-globe\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n m\u00e8o chinh ph\u1ee5c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n m\u00e8o \u0111\u00e3 lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tin r\u1eb1ng lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a \u1edf Ai C\u1eadp v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 4.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. N\u0103m 2004, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 9.500 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i \u1edf S\u00edp c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e8o \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f9i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a m\u00e8o v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00e8o nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lai t\u1ea1o \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ai C\u1eadp c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 6.000 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i do nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Eva-Maria Geigl cung c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd n\u00ean b\u1ee9c tranh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111an xen gi\u1eefa lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00e8o.<\/p>\n\n

L\u00e0n s\u00f3ng b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o: M\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng sinh<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

L\u00e0n s\u00f3ng b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i v\u00e0 Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3, n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean hoang d\u00e3 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o nh\u00e0. Khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00edch tr\u1eef ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c, h\u1ecd v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho m\u00e8o hoang. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn ra l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e8o ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 lo\u00e0i g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a m\u00e8o d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n

L\u00e0n s\u00f3ng b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o: Th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Viking l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

V\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m sau, l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra. Nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a Geigl ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con m\u00e8o c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i ty th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Ai C\u1eadp b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Bulgaria, Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u Phi h\u1ea1 Sahara v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 IV tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 IV sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nu\u00f4i m\u00e8o tr\u00ean t\u00e0u v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lo\u00e0i g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m, v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ea3ng trong c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con m\u00e8o c\u00f3 DNA ty th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ai C\u1eadp t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Viking \u1edf B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 700 \u0111\u1ebfn 1000 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0 tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o: M\u00e8o v\u1eb1n v\u00e0 h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu v\u1eadt, nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a Geigl x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho m\u00e8o v\u1eb1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp n\u1eefa v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o.<\/p>\n\n

Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 ch\u00fang chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t. T\u1eeb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lo\u00e0i g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m trong c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cho \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau qu\u00fd trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a m\u00e8o m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn n\u00e0y khi ch\u00fang lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean su\u1ed1t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n m\u00e8o \u0111\u00e3 lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o Ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e2n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[188,27,1707,3147,136],"class_list":["post-16454","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-genetics","tag-history","tag-cats","tag-domestication","tag-evolution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16454","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16454"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16454\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16455,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16454\/revisions\/16455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16454"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}