{"id":16476,"date":"2021-09-03T12:08:05","date_gmt":"2021-09-03T12:08:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16476"},"modified":"2021-09-03T12:08:05","modified_gmt":"2021-09-03T12:08:05","slug":"trench-fever-ancient-origins-modern-implications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/medical-history\/trench-fever-ancient-origins-modern-implications\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o: Th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda dai d\u1eb3ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn nay"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o: M\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda dai d\u1eb3ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn nay<\/h2>\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n

S\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o, m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c do ch\u1ea5y r\u1eadn tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i kinh ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong nhi\u1ec1u thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean PLOS One \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m tra 400 chi\u1ebfc r\u0103ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Nga trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n Bartonella quintana, vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y ra s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o, trong kho\u1ea3ng 20% m\u1eabu th\u1eed. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed3i t\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n

L\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n\n

S\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua v\u1ebft c\u1eafn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5y r\u1eadn tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh. Nh\u1eefng con ch\u1ea5y n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p, m\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c khu \u1ed5 chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n

Sau khi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb s\u1ed1t theo chu k\u1ef3 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y, k\u00e8m theo \u0111au x\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n v\u00e0 n\u00f4n m\u1eeda. Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n\n

Trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh trong chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5y r\u1eadn tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh s\u00f4i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 380.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 520.000 binh l\u00ednh Anh \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. C\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong chung trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam n\u1ed7i kinh ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3<\/h3>\n\n

S\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o c\u0169ng t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 \u0110\u1ee9c tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1eadt ch\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh trong chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5y r\u1eadn tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 v\u00f4 gia c\u01b0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m San Francisco, Seattle v\u00e0 Denver. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5y r\u1eadn tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean PLOS One, cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c di t\u00edch c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y ra c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c y t\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/h3>\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh k\u00e9m. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u1ec7 sinh, cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1ec7 sinh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5y r\u1eadn tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n

Trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan th\u00eam c\u1ee7a c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh. Thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c can thi\u1ec7p s\u1edbm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n\n

S\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh dai d\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n c\u01b0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o: M\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda dai d\u1eb3ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn nay Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i S\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o, m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7010],"tags":[21807,21808,5036,21806,178],"class_list":["post-16476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medical-history","tag-ancient-diseases","tag-historical-epidemiology","tag-archaeological-discoveries","tag-trench-fever","tag-public-health"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16476"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16477,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16476\/revisions\/16477"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}