{"id":16740,"date":"2024-08-26T23:21:55","date_gmt":"2024-08-26T23:21:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16740"},"modified":"2024-08-26T23:21:55","modified_gmt":"2024-08-26T23:21:55","slug":"cloud-brightening-potential-geoengineering-solution-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/climate-science\/cloud-brightening-potential-geoengineering-solution-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y: M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n

L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n

L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c phun c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t aerosol mu\u1ed1i si\u00eau nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc g\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ecf, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi h\u01a1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gian v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi h\u01a1n, l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng do Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng 15% c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 Farenheit. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng cao, c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v\u00e0 axit h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y r\u1ea5t h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai n\u00f3 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t aerosol mu\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a, trong khi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn aerosol mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u00e0 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n trong ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2023, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y t\u1ea1i Alameda, California. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c phun c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t aerosol mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n ra xa kh\u1ecfi ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9 hai tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n

L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 tham gia v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang<\/h2>\n\n

X\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y, s\u1ef1 tham gia v\u00e0 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t minh b\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc, l\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00fap l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xem x\u00e9t tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng. S\u1ef1 tham gia v\u00e0 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y: M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24155,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[34,22137,22140,32,22138,22139],"class_list":["post-16740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-science","tag-climate-change","tag-cloud-brightening","tag-environmental-risks","tag-geoengineering","tag-marine-clouds","tag-solar-radiation-modification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16740"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16740\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24156,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16740\/revisions\/24156"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}