{"id":16881,"date":"2024-07-28T01:35:07","date_gmt":"2024-07-28T01:35:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16881"},"modified":"2024-07-28T01:35:07","modified_gmt":"2024-07-28T01:35:07","slug":"zozobra-ritualistic-burning-of-gloom-in-santa-fe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/life\/culture\/zozobra-ritualistic-burning-of-gloom-in-santa-fe\/","title":{"rendered":"Zozobra: \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y mu\u1ed9n phi\u1ec1n \u1edf Santa Fe"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zozobra: Nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y mu\u1ed9n phi\u1ec1n \u1edf Santa Fe<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zozobra l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zozobra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh n\u1ed9m kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Santa Fe, New Mexico. V\u00e0o m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng 9 trong su\u1ed1t 86 n\u0103m qua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u00e0y, n\u01a1i h\u1ecd v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng k\u00fd \u1ee9c t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0111ang thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Zozobra<\/h2>\n\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1t Zozobra b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1924 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00f9a mang t\u00ednh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Will Shuster. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra Zozobra \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf gi\u1ec5u l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m La Fiesta de Santa Fe u \u00e1m \u0111\u1ea1m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c \u1ee7y vi\u00ean h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Fiesta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1eddi Shuster mang Zozobra \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1926. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u00edch trong b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Santa Fe.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Zozobra<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zozobra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con r\u1ed1i kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 cao 49 feet. Khung c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e9p, v\u1ea3i muslin ch\u01b0a t\u1ea9y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. Ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t hai th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean l\u1eafp r\u00e1p Zozobra, n\u1eb7ng t\u1edbi 1.800 pound.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Zozobra<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zozobra \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt t\u1ebf th\u1ea7n, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, n\u1ed7i lo \u00e2u v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y Zozobra, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ea9y m\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1t Zozobra<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1t Zozobra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Khi m\u00e0n \u0111\u00eam bu\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng Santa Fe, \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Fort Marcy. Zozobra treo tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t, \u0111\u00f4i tay g\u1ea7y g\u00f2 v\u1eaby v\u00f9ng, \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf nh\u01b0 qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef \u0111\u1ea3o qua \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ea1i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ch\u00e2m \u0111u\u1ed1c v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfc v\u00e1y d\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1edbt tha c\u1ee7a Zozobra. Khi ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda nhanh ch\u00f3ng thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i n\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng reo h\u00f2, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n b\u1ecb v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u tan th\u00e0nh kh\u00f3i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Zozobra<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zozobra \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Santa Fe v\u00e0 &#8220;Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t&#8221;. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Zozobra qua t\u1eebng n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a nghi l\u1ec5 v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 c\u0169: m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ea9y t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m tinh th\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 t\u1ebf th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1t Zozobra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt t\u1ebf th\u1ea7n. Trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 xua \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C\u00e1c l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111\u1ecf Yaqui \u1edf Mexico, n\u01a1i h\u00ecnh n\u1ed9m Giu\u0111a b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng ch\u00e0i v\u00f9ng Caribe, n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y ra bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1t Wickerman, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh n\u1ed9m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn, c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Gaul v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a thu ho\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zozobra v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1t Zozobra, nghi l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 r\u0169 b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng lo l\u1eafng, s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e2m linh, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n trong s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zozobra v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1t Zozobra c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m t\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n deeply ingrained trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a Santa Fe v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u thanh t\u1ea9y c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, Zozobra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 c\u0169: mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zozobra: Nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y mu\u1ed9n phi\u1ec1n \u1edf Santa Fe Zozobra l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Zozobra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh n\u1ed9m kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":23953,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1192],"tags":[1522,22338,4040,1987,22335,22336,6123,193,22337,22334],"class_list":["post-16881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture","tag-community","tag-gloom","tag-fire","tag-new-mexico","tag-ritual","tag-santa-fe","tag-catharsis","tag-symbolism","tag-scapegoat","tag-zozobra"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16881","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16881"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16881\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16882,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16881\/revisions\/16882"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23953"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}