V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1946, Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Crossroads \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3o san h\u00f4 Bikini xa x\u00f4i tr\u00ean Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Lo\u1ea1t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y do Hoa K\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u1ea7n tri\u1ec3n khai v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1945.<\/p>\n\n
M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n. V\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng con t\u00e0u ma ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed trong khu v\u1ef1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt n\u00e0y, t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n
V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1946, qu\u1ea3 bom \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00f3 m\u1eadt danh l\u00e0 Gilda, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch n\u1ed5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u1ea3 bom \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c t\u00e0u ma. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i xung quanh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n
Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o san h\u00f4 Bikini. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Leonard P. Schultz, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n trong khu v\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5. Nh\u1eefng quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o san h\u00f4 Bikini \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u0169 trang h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n gi\u1eefa Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Hoa K\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Marshall, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3o san h\u00f4 Bikini, l\u00e0m b\u00e3i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 67 v\u1ee5 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn 167 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Marshall ph\u1ea3i di d\u1eddi, bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n ngay t\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3o san h\u00f4 Bikini \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i di s\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Marshall v\u1eabn b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1edfi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Marshall ph\u1ea3i di d\u1eddi kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n
Ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u1ea3o san h\u00f4 Bikini v\u1eabn l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Trong khi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Marshall \u0111ang d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00edt ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 h\u01a1n, v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn khi n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea3o san h\u00f4 Bikini s\u1ebd an to\u00e0n cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh s\u1ed1ng. Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u0103m 1946 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tai ti\u1ebfng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o san h\u00f4 Bikini n\u0103m 1946 Kh\u00fac d\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u: Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Crossroads V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1946, Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Crossroads \u0111\u00e1nh…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1613],"tags":[4477,22397,18704,22398,18705,368],"class_list":["post-16939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nuclear-science","tag-radiation","tag-bikini-atoll","tag-nuclear-history","tag-marshall-islands","tag-nuclear-testing","tag-environmental-impact"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16939"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16939\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16940,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16939\/revisions\/16940"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}