Sidney Bechet sinh ra t\u1ea1i New Orleans n\u0103m 1897, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 13. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c jazz, ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 New Orleans kh\u00e1c th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, Bechet \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn ch\u01a1i k\u00e8n clarinet v\u00e0 k\u00e8n saxophone soprano thay v\u00ec k\u00e8n cornet ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n. \u00c2m thanh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch ng\u1eabu h\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ea5u nh\u1ea1c jazz v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n
N\u0103m 1917, \u0111\u0129a nh\u1ea1c “jass”, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c jazz, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 jazz, v\u00e0 Bechet, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u1edf New Orleans, \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n
Nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn du ngo\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a Bechet \u0111\u1ebfn Chicago, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Kh\u00f4ng gian r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c jazz th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 cho \u00f4ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n phong c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n
Trong su\u1ed1t s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Bechet \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 jazz c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong v\u00e0 King Oliver. Phong c\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Johnny Hodges, John Coltrane v\u00e0 Wayne Shorter.<\/p>\n\n
K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Bechet mang t\u00ednh huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 trong m\u1ecdi bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi l\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u bay b\u1ed5ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Bechet ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u di\u1ec5n kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1959.<\/p>\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Bechet nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea1c jazz v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. \u00d4ng \u0111i ti\u00ean phong trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00e8n clarinet v\u00e0 saxophone soprano, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean t\u00e0i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c jazz \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 jazz v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n
Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Bechet tr\u00ean k\u00e8n clarinet v\u00e0 k\u00e8n saxophone soprano \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c jazz. Vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng rung, glissando v\u00e0 \u0111a \u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n
K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ch\u01a1i saxophone soprano c\u1ee7a Bechet, n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ea5u h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p trong nh\u1ea1c jazz. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u01a1i nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eabu h\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 kh\u00e1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n
\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Bechet \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ranh gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c jazz. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c jazz tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n
T\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p, Bechet \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca ng\u1ee3i v\u00ec \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cho nh\u1ea1c jazz Ph\u00e1p. \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea nh\u1ea1c jazz t\u00f4n s\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n
Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Sidney Bechet nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi nh\u1ea1c jazz l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn. \u00d4ng \u0111i ti\u00ean phong trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00e8n clarinet v\u00e0 saxophone soprano, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean t\u00e0i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c jazz \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i cho \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong bi\u00ean ni\u00ean s\u1eed c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u1ea1c jazz.<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Bechet v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea nh\u1ea1c jazz tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u00c2m thanh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c jazz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Sidney Bechet: Nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n nh\u1ea1c Jazz Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ban \u0111\u1ea7u Sidney Bechet sinh ra t\u1ea1i New Orleans n\u0103m 1897, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c b\u1eaft…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24015,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[327],"tags":[788,3107,22416,6118,714,22415],"class_list":["post-16962","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-music","tag-music","tag-jazz","tag-clarinet","tag-saxophone","tag-new-orleans","tag-improvisation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16962","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16962"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16962\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16963,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16962\/revisions\/16963"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24015"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16962"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16962"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}