Tr\u00ean Cao nguy\u00ean xa x\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Scotland, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc \u0111ang b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c khai qu\u1eadt mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t Glencoe kh\u00e9t ti\u1ebfng. Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o n\u0103m 1692 n\u00e0y, truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho v\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t “\u0110\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecf” trong lo\u1ea1t phim “Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ec1n” c\u1ee7a George R.R. Martin, \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n
Th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t Glencoe l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n then ch\u1ed1t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Scotland, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng Cao nguy\u00ean. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1692, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a gia t\u1ed9c Campbell \u0111\u00e3 quay l\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 MacDonald c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 38 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f9ng tr\u1ebb em ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng hoang d\u00e3 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n
V\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, v\u1edbi Vua William v\u00e0 N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Mary ra l\u1ec7nh cho gia t\u1ed9c Campbell “gi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng g\u01b0\u01a1m”. S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh do ch\u00ednh nh\u00e0 vua ban h\u00e0nh, nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng “k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u” v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n
Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t Glencoe ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 do T\u01b0\u1edbng William Roy l\u1eadp v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t n\u00e0y t\u1eebng t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n
National Trust for Scotland (NTS), m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, \u0111ang d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c khai qu\u1eadt. Ba trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, Inverigan, Achnacon v\u00e0 Achtriochtan, n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a NTS.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o Achtriochtan, m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 40-50 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3y ra v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4i qua, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c khai qu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ba ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 kho v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c, cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n
Th\u1eadt th\u00fa v\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a gia t\u1ed9c MacDonald b\u1ecb t\u00e0n s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng sau v\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi \u0111i do s\u1ef1 du nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i c\u1eebu v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19.<\/p>\n\n
V\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t Glencoe c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u1edbi “\u0110\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecf” kh\u00e9t ti\u1ebfng trong “Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ec1n”. Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 li\u00ean minh.<\/p>\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t Glencoe trong \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ef1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gia t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111ang l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n bi th\u1ea3m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n
Glencoe kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Scotland c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1440, trong “B\u1eefa t\u1ed1i \u0111en”, B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Douglas v\u00e0 em trai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c do Vua James II t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1eaby do c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lo s\u1ee3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a gia t\u1ed9c “H\u1eafc Douglas”. Anh em nh\u00e0 Douglas \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft nh\u01a1 \u0111en trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Scotland.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c khai qu\u1eadt kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 t\u1ea1i Glencoe v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n t\u00edch v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ch\u00fang c\u00f2n nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Scotland.<\/p>\n\n
Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c khai qu\u1eadt n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m du kh\u00e1ch Glencoe c\u1ee7a NTS, cho ph\u00e9p du kh\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t sau th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t Glencoe.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c khai qu\u1eadt kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb1ng sau “\u0110\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecf” trong Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ec1n H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[22459,992,88,993,22458,18272],"class_list":["post-16996","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-lost-settlements","tag-glencoe-massacre","tag-archaeology","tag-scottish-history","tag-red-wedding","tag-game-of-thrones"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16996","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16996"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16996\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16997,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16996\/revisions\/16997"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16996"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16996"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16996"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}