{"id":16998,"date":"2023-09-30T16:58:42","date_gmt":"2023-09-30T16:58:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16998"},"modified":"2023-09-30T16:58:42","modified_gmt":"2023-09-30T16:58:42","slug":"earth-oldest-ocean-giant-ichthyosaurs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/paleontology\/earth-oldest-ocean-giant-ichthyosaurs\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t: B\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t: B\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n<\/h2>\n\n

Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i kh\u1ee7ng long kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb k\u1ef7 Trias<\/h2>\n\n

T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai gi\u00e0u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch \u1edf Nevada, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 khai qu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 phi th\u01b0\u1eddng: m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p s\u1ecd d\u00e0i t\u00e1m foot thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eebng tung ho\u00e0nh \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 246 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Cymbospondylus youngorum, lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb k\u1ef7 Trias t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n: Nh\u1eefng g\u00e3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n k\u1ef7 Trung sinh<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng trong k\u1ef7 Trung sinh, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh em h\u1ecd tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, kh\u1ee7ng long. Nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt b\u00ed \u1ea9n n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, s\u00e1nh ngang v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 nh\u00e0 t\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ef3 quan ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a: T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Sau khi t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t ba tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. K\u1ef3 t\u00edch ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a n\u00e0y tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 voi, lo\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 45 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ef7 Trias. Kho\u1ea3ng 252 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng k\u1ef7 Permi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 96% c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng sinh th\u00e1i. Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i amonit, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00e2n m\u1ec1m, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt gi\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt r\u0103ng n\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 voi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf, c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang s\u0103n nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0103n amonit, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u1ef1c. L\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n ngu\u1ed3n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n k\u1ef7 Trias<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra Cymbospondylus youngorum v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n k\u1ef7 Trias cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 voi<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1 voi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. C\u1ea3 hai nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1 voi. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n kh\u00f4ng l\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c \u0103n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 voi m\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra Cymbospondylus youngorum \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ef7 Trias? B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n xung quanh nh\u1eefng th\u00edch nghi phi th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t: B\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i kh\u1ee7ng long kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb k\u1ef7 Trias T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[138],"tags":[137,4939,5412,21053,136],"class_list":["post-16998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paleontology","tag-paleontology","tag-triassic-period","tag-marine-reptiles","tag-ichthyosaurs","tag-evolution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16998"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16998\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16999,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16998\/revisions\/16999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}