{"id":17042,"date":"2022-12-15T08:54:23","date_gmt":"2022-12-15T08:54:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17042"},"modified":"2022-12-15T08:54:23","modified_gmt":"2022-12-15T08:54:23","slug":"the-opah-the-only-fully-warmblooded-fish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/marine-biology\/the-opah-the-only-fully-warmblooded-fish\/","title":{"rendered":"Opah: Lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng duy nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Opah: Lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110i\u1ec3m g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn Opah tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Opah, m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng b\u1ea1c, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 kh\u00e1c do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi sinh l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3 m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc xung quanh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t, Opah c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, mang l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng \u1edf bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u00e1u n\u00f3ng mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u00e1, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi s\u1ed1ng:<\/strong> C\u00e1 m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u, v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc xung quanh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng:<\/strong> C\u00e1 m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang b\u01a1i nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xa h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn:<\/strong> C\u00e1 m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft \u1ea5m h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 h\u01a1n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e2u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1ch Opah duy tr\u00ec th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u00fa, nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t ngay c\u1ea3 khi ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, c\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Opah li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 retia mirabilia, n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1c cung mang. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t, truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y qua mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng \u1edf c\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u00ednh m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u1edf c\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i hi\u1ebfm, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 0,1% c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf, t\u00ednh m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng c\u0169ng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t qua mang, n\u01a1i m\u00e1u ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i oxy. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 retia mirabilia, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng \u1edf c\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00ednh m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. C\u00e1 m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9c \u0103n h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1ea5m \u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i s\u0103n m\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed con m\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Opah<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i Opah v\u1edbi m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u, n\u01a1i ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i s\u0103n m\u1ed3i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, Opah gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 kh\u00e1c. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Opah: Lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e1u n\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0110i\u1ec3m g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn Opah tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o? Opah, m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[6438,22499,361,4116,1647,136,22500],"class_list":["post-17042","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-marine-biology","tag-deep-sea","tag-opah","tag-marine-biology","tag-physiology","tag-adaptation","tag-evolution","tag-warmblooded-fish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17042","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17042"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17042\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17043,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17042\/revisions\/17043"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17042"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17042"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17042"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}