{"id":17307,"date":"2021-11-13T06:15:01","date_gmt":"2021-11-13T06:15:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17307"},"modified":"2021-11-13T06:15:01","modified_gmt":"2021-11-13T06:15:01","slug":"a8b02424e249fe4c9816248ff7e98950","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/life\/history-and-culture\/a8b02424e249fe4c9816248ff7e98950\/","title":{"rendered":"a8b02424e249fe4c9816248ff7e98950"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed: C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng “N\u0103m t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed”<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

Trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng than th\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u0103m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 “n\u0103m t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed”. Th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0103n s\u00e2u v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 c\u00f2n lan r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a tin. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n

G\u00f3c nh\u00ecn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 “t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t”. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1862, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y b\u00fat c\u1ee7a t\u1edd New York Times \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c “kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean coi tr\u1ecdng th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i”.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20: M\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n\n

Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, v\u1edbi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 “t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t”. Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch c\u00fam T\u00e2y Ban Nha, \u0110\u1ea1i suy tho\u00e1i, Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai, Chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c cho h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 v\u1ea5n<\/h2>\n\n

Trong su\u1ed1t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 b\u00e0i x\u00e3 lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1919, t\u1edd Washington Post m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “m\u1ed9t n\u0103m h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n”, trong khi t\u1edd New York Times tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1930 r\u1eb1ng “Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u [\u0111ang] bi\u1ebft \u01a1n v\u00ec n\u0103m 1930 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac”.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 “n\u0103m t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed” l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1i suy tho\u00e1i c\u00f3 v\u1ebb t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 so v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

Th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u00e1 cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u0103m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 bi k\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh<\/h2>\n\n

Cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i n\u0103m mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 v\u1ea5n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t, \u0103n m\u1eebng nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 l\u1ea1c quan.<\/p>\n\n

V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 vun \u0111\u1eafp m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u00e2y quanh m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: \u0110\u00f3n nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/h2>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn “n\u0103m t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed” s\u1ebd l\u00e0 n\u0103m n\u00e0o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed: C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng “N\u0103m t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed” V\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c Trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng than th\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u0103m hi\u1ec7n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1176],"tags":[243,242,27,22785,22786,22787],"class_list":["post-17307","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history-and-culture","tag-resilience","tag-optimism","tag-history","tag-negativity-bias","tag-historical-perspective","tag-worst-years-ever"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17307","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17307"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17307\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17308,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17307\/revisions\/17308"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17307"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17307"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17307"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}