{"id":17319,"date":"2020-08-11T15:19:24","date_gmt":"2020-08-11T15:19:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17319"},"modified":"2020-08-11T15:19:24","modified_gmt":"2020-08-11T15:19:24","slug":"rediscovering-the-forgotten-masters-of-indian-art","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/art\/indian-art\/rediscovering-the-forgotten-masters-of-indian-art\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i kho b\u00e1u \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i kho b\u00e1u \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/h2>\n\n

H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00f4 danh<\/h2>\n\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tinh x\u1ea3o do c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c cho C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n n\u1eb1m im l\u00ecm trong s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 danh, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 “ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f4ng ty”. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Wallace Collection \u1edf London cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1770, c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n, b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7y th\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ebd n\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan n\u00e0y. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y Mughal n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 m\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng phong c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed5i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o gi\u1eefa \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 giao thoa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0i h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t c\u1ecd truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Mughal. \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, trong khi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ee9c tranh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Phong c\u00e1ch lai gh\u00e9p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a di\u1ec5n ra trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e0i n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n

Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee9c tranh trong tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 nh\u01b0 Chuni Lal v\u00e0 Rungiah xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong vi\u1ec7c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, v\u1ebd nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7 khoai m\u1ee1 v\u00e0 b\u00ed ng\u00f4 t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi ch\u00e9p c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ef3 quan c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hoang d\u00e3<\/h2>\n\n

Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m c\u0169ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 t\u00ea t\u00ea, b\u00e1o g\u00eapa v\u00e0 d\u01a1i \u0103n qu\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh n\u00e0y ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t tinh t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng con d\u01a1i \u0103n qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ba chi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 s\u1eafp nh\u1ea3y ra kh\u1ecfi trang gi\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n

Ch\u00e2n dung cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/h2>\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh c\u00f2n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia, tri\u1ec1u th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n xin t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu ch\u1ee3 nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp, trong khi nh\u1eefng pudhari, hay c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 Hindu, tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 thi\u00eang li\u00eang. Yellapah x\u1ee9 Vellore th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 h\u1ecda, ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn tho\u00e1ng qua v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n

Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p xung quanh nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh n\u00e0y. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Anh, \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i n\u0103ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Vi\u1ec7c ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng dai d\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y<\/h2>\n\n

“Nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean: Tranh v\u1ebd \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 cho C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n” kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n vinh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u0111\u00fang cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean<\/h2>\n\n

Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. N\u00f3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 giao l\u01b0u ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt di\u1ec5n ra trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n\n

C\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 danh, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i kho b\u00e1u \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00f4 danh Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, nh\u1eefng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5939],"tags":[1185,22798,104,141,22797,1228,22796,22799],"class_list":["post-17319","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-indian-art","tag-colonialism","tag-east-india-company","tag-art-history","tag-natural-history","tag-indian-art","tag-botanical-art","tag-forgotten-masters","tag-wildlife-art"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17319","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17319"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17319\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17320,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17319\/revisions\/17320"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17319"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17319"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17319"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}