{"id":17364,"date":"2023-02-17T20:49:57","date_gmt":"2023-02-17T20:49:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17364"},"modified":"2023-02-17T20:49:57","modified_gmt":"2023-02-17T20:49:57","slug":"cognitive-diversity-in-autism-spectrum-of-thinking-styles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/neuroscience\/cognitive-diversity-in-autism-spectrum-of-thinking-styles\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy<\/h2>\n\n

T\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ea7n kinh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng tin. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0 duy tr\u1ef1c quan<\/h3>\n\n

Temple Grandin, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 “t\u01b0 duy b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh”. B\u00e0 h\u00ecnh dung c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed m\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ki\u1ec3u t\u01b0 duy n\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0 duy theo m\u1eabu<\/h3>\n\n

T\u01b0 duy theo m\u1eabu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi trong vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u1eabu, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c logic. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c logic.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0 duy b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/h3>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0 duy b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1edb v\u00e0 thao t\u00fang c\u00e1c t\u1eeb v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc, vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u01b0 duy h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n\n

C\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0 duy tr\u1ef1c quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n trong m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0 duy theo m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua.<\/p>\n\n

H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/h3>\n\n

S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ki\u1ec3u t\u01b0 duy, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n

V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n kinh<\/h3>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n hay t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng phong c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed7i phong c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n kinh, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m<\/h3>\n\n

S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a Temple Grandin<\/h3>\n\n

C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Temple Grandin \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n kinh.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/h3>\n\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1ea7n kinh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ea7n kinh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n\n

T\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111a di\u1ec7n, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn ra v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy kh\u00e1c nhau li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i coi tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 trao quy\u1ec1n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy h\u1ebft ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy T\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ea7n kinh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[411],"tags":[22838,7795,22842,22841,22839,22840,6873],"class_list":["post-17364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-neuroscience","tag-cognitive-diversity","tag-neurodiversity","tag-word-thinking","tag-pattern-thinking","tag-thinking-styles","tag-visual-thinking","tag-autism"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17364"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17364\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17365,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17364\/revisions\/17365"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}