{"id":17512,"date":"2024-04-26T02:22:35","date_gmt":"2024-04-26T02:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17512"},"modified":"2024-04-26T02:22:35","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T02:22:35","slug":"manhattan-project-historical-park-to-open-to-the-public","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/history-of-science\/manhattan-project-historical-park-to-open-to-the-public\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan: B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan s\u1ebd m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan, m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tuy\u1ec7t m\u1eadt trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 bom h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ba \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 m\u1edf c\u1eeda m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1ee5c C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1edf h\u1eefu ba \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y: Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Hanford, Washington; v\u00e0 Los Alamos, New Mexico.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Oak Ridge: S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m Oak Ridge \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb v\u00e0 plutonium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Ng\u00e0y nay, Oak Ridge l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hanford: S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Plutonium<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m Hanford \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t plutonium cho D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i Hanford. Ng\u00e0y nay, \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m Hanford ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Los Alamos: C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u01a1 s\u1edf Los Alamos l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i qu\u1ea3 bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p. Ng\u00e0y nay, Los Alamos l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1ed9t Di s\u1ea3n Ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, theo c\u1ea3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb Hiroshima v\u00e0 Nagasaki, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 tham gia d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00f4n vinh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n<p>B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng tranh c\u00e3i, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ba \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee5c C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb Hiroshima v\u00e0 Nagasaki<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m Oak Ridge v\u00e0 Hanford \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan<\/li>\n<li>C\u01a1 s\u1edf Los Alamos \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec tr\u00ean ba \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c k\u00fd th\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt v\u00e0o n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng vui m\u1eebng khi t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan l\u00e0 \u201ctuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay\u201d theo Nh\u00f3m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Los Alamos ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 \u1edf Hiroshima v\u00e0 Nagasaki<\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan s\u1ebd m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan, m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[497,4475,23018,35,23017,4476,20395,5800],"class_list":["post-17512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history-of-science","tag-technology","tag-hiroshima","tag-historical-park","tag-science-history","tag-manhattan-project","tag-nagasaki","tag-atomic-age","tag-nuclear-weapons"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17512","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17512"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17512\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17513,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17512\/revisions\/17513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17512"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17512"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17512"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}