{"id":17586,"date":"2023-05-07T12:49:44","date_gmt":"2023-05-07T12:49:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17586"},"modified":"2023-05-07T12:49:44","modified_gmt":"2023-05-07T12:49:44","slug":"debunking-kachina-bridge-dinosaur-petroglyphs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/paleontology\/debunking-kachina-bridge-dinosaur-petroglyphs\/","title":{"rendered":"Debunking the Kachina Bridge Dinosaur Carvings: A Scientific Investigation"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n &#8220;kh\u1ee7ng long&#8221; tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u Kachina: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ee7ng long<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 65,5 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u1ee7ng long. H\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb<\/h2>\n\n<p>B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo thuy\u1ebft s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng long \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong v\u00f2ng 6.000 n\u0103m qua. H\u1ecd l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 kh\u1ee7ng long trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea7u Kachina<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng long l\u00e0 tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u Kachina \u1edf Di t\u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia C\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Utah. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo thuy\u1ebft s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho r\u1eb1ng tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i kh\u1ee7ng long ch\u00e2n th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Apatosaurus.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gh\u00e9p h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 &#8220;kh\u1ee7ng long&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 &#8220;kh\u1ee7ng long&#8221; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc duy nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 v\u1ebft b\u00f9n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ed1ng kh\u1ee7ng long \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gh\u00e9p h\u00ecnh, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh kh\u1eafc &#8220;kh\u1ee7ng long&#8221; kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i con kh\u1ee7ng long ch\u00e2n th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo thuy\u1ebft s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u0169ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba h\u00ecnh kh\u1eafc kh\u1ee7ng long kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u Kachina. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t &#8220;con kh\u1ee7ng long&#8221; ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft b\u00f9n, m\u1ed9t con kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh kh\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, v\u00e0 con th\u1ee9 ba kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u00e9t ngu\u1ec7ch ngo\u1ea1c kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u Kachina kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 l\u1eeba b\u1ecbp hay b\u1ecbp b\u1ee3m. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng trong khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, d\u00f9 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng hay \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u sai<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo thuy\u1ebft s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u sai v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea7u Kachina do thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ni\u1ec1m tin hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u sai c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e1, nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n si\u00eau nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quan s\u00e1t kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ea3o \u1ea3nh do gh\u00e9p h\u00ecnh. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc kh\u1ee7ng long tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u Kachina.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tr\u00e1nh thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li>Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y.<\/li>\n<li>Tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<li>D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u Kachina l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch gh\u00e9p h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u sai ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc kh\u1ee7ng long n\u00e0o tr\u00ean c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 &#8220;kh\u1ee7ng long&#8221; ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 v\u1ebft b\u00f9n kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00e1ch quan trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n &#8220;kh\u1ee7ng long&#8221; tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u Kachina: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ee7ng long C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 65,5 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng th\u1ea3m&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[138],"tags":[23103,137,88,23101,22437,23102,23104],"class_list":["post-17586","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paleontology","tag-kachina-bridge","tag-paleontology","tag-archaeology","tag-pareidolia","tag-scientific-analysis","tag-dinosaur-petroglyphs","tag-young-earth-creationism"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17586","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17586"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17587,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17586\/revisions\/17587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}