{"id":17716,"date":"2024-09-10T13:17:41","date_gmt":"2024-09-10T13:17:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17716"},"modified":"2024-09-10T13:17:41","modified_gmt":"2024-09-10T13:17:41","slug":"emperor-penguins-face-extinction-threat-from-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/zoology\/emperor-penguins-face-extinction-threat-from-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf: Nguy c\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau v\u00e0 d\u00e1ng \u0111i l\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat, \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng: tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed PNAS d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lo\u00e0i chim uy nghi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 do nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu: Th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n<p>Th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra n\u00e0y l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao \u0111ang ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Nam C\u1ef1c, n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t n\u00e0y, \u0111ang n\u00f3ng l\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u0103ng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u00edch nghi<\/h3>\n\n<p>Chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u0103ng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i con non. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi b\u0103ng bi\u1ec3n gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean k\u00e9m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n, n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 c\u1eb7p sinh s\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 6.000 c\u1eb7p xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 400 c\u1eb7p v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2100.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng, chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao v\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ea3n xa x\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c di c\u01b0 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h3>\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y n\u00eau b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nam C\u1ef1c \u0111ang \u1ea5m l\u00ean nhanh h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e2y ch\u1ebft \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, trong \u0111\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li>Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ebft, l\u00e0m c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t th\u00eam n\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i r\u1eb1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n\n<p>S\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1edfi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u1eb1m trong tay ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hy v\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00edch \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng b\u0103ng bi\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t n\u00e0y khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn Paris, cung c\u1ea5p khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 cho h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1eb7t ra.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24295,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[605,34,15641,721,400],"class_list":["post-17716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-wildlife-conservation","tag-climate-change","tag-emperor-penguins","tag-antarctica","tag-extinction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17716","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17716"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17716\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24296,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17716\/revisions\/24296"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24295"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}