{"id":17864,"date":"2024-09-23T12:47:05","date_gmt":"2024-09-23T12:47:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17864"},"modified":"2024-09-23T12:47:05","modified_gmt":"2024-09-23T12:47:05","slug":"banded-stilts-extreme-desert-nomads","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/zoology\/banded-stilts-extreme-desert-nomads\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf: Nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i du m\u1ee5c sa m\u1ea1c"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb du m\u1ee5c c\u1ef1c \u0111oan c\u1ee7a sa m\u1ea1c: H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i c\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u1edbi sa m\u1ea1c<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf \u00dac l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i chim n\u01b0\u1edbc sa m\u1ea1c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 v\u1ebb tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau. Nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i chim \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c n\u00e0y d\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n ven bi\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n, ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 mu\u1ed1i xa x\u00f4i trong v\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4 c\u1eb1n c\u1ee7a \u00dac.<\/p>\n\n

L\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 d\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con h\u1ed3ng h\u1ea1c, kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc m\u1ecf d\u00e0i, m\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa chim ru\u1ed3i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch lo\u00e0i c\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sa m\u1ea1c kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di c\u01b0<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim di c\u01b0 tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim n\u01b0\u1edbc sa m\u1ea1c kh\u00e1c c\u0103n th\u1eddi gian cho h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 m\u01b0a. V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t sinh s\u1ea3n xa x\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111ang l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a 21 con c\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf trong 196 ng\u00e0y. H\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con chim n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay t\u1edbi 2.170 km ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng hai ng\u00e0y r\u01b0\u1ee1i, khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang d\u00e0i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n

Manh m\u1ed1i d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t xung quanh lo\u00e0i c\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u00fang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0m t\u1ed5 n\u1eb1m s\u00e2u trong \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con chim c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra \u00e2m thanh t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c gradien \u00e1p su\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft xa x\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n

Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a du m\u1ee5c c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng theo m\u00f9a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb du m\u1ee5c c\u1ef1c \u0111oan trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eabn \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c di c\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 b\u00ed m\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i c\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim n\u01b0\u1edbc sa m\u1ea1c kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 chim.<\/p>\n\n

Lo\u00e0i chim \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a du m\u1ee5c c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh vi di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chim n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i chim n\u01b0\u1edbc sa m\u1ea1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb du m\u1ee5c c\u1ef1c \u0111oan c\u1ee7a sa m\u1ea1c: H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i c\u00f2 ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecf Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u1edbi sa m\u1ea1c C\u00f2…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24419,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[23421,23422,186,254,23423],"class_list":["post-17864","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-banded-stilts","tag-desert-birds","tag-migration","tag-wildlife","tag-nomadism"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17864","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17864"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17864\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24420,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17864\/revisions\/24420"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24419"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17864"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17864"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17864"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}