H\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eady, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, s\u01a1n phun, ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 polyurethane, vecni v\u00e0 s\u01a1n men. M\u1ed7i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t dung m\u00f4i ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n
Dung m\u00f4i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 butanone (MEK) v\u00e0 xylene, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan s\u01a1n phun b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u1eed m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 so v\u1edbi li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa s\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, dung m\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5m s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra dung m\u00f4i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n
Sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd dung m\u00f4i, s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 s\u01a1n c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i, hypoclorit canxi (Ca(OCl)2). H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y h\u01a1i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ki\u1ec1m, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 an to\u00e0n cho c\u1ea3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi axit v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi ki\u1ec1m. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda graffiti th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 hypoclorit canxi, d\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng, amoniac v\u00e0 xeton.<\/p>\n\n
Khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, vi\u1ec7c x\u00f3a b\u1ecf h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eady tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. C\u01a1 quan C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u01a1n kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n
H\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi La M\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eafc th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed Stonehenge c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a. \u1ede Hoa K\u1ef3, h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eady c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u00f3a phong ph\u00fa, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t v\u1ebd ngu\u1ec7ch ngo\u1ea1c tr\u00ean toa t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n qu\u00e9t laser k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eady c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ean Stonehenge, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt phun s\u01a1n, t\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a s\u01a1n phun.<\/p>\n\n
Khi x\u00f3a b\u1ecf h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eady, h\u00e3y lu\u00f4n \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n. \u0110eo \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, bao g\u1ed3m g\u0103ng tay v\u00e0 k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1eaft. Tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Ki\u1ec3m tra dung m\u00f4i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n
X\u00f3a b\u1ecf h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eady l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111a di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, t\u00ednh nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u00f3a b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng dung m\u00f4i, t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong khi v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
X\u00f3a b\u1ecf h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eady: M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c H\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u1eady, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1eb7t ra…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23505],"tags":[712,1845,23504,218,8933,23503],"class_list":["post-17933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry-in-conservation","tag-historic-preservation","tag-art-conservation","tag-solvents","tag-chemistry","tag-bleaching","tag-graffiti-removal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17933"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17933\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17934,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17933\/revisions\/17934"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}