{"id":18166,"date":"2024-05-28T02:55:12","date_gmt":"2024-05-28T02:55:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18166"},"modified":"2024-05-28T02:55:12","modified_gmt":"2024-05-28T02:55:12","slug":"fort-pillow-massacre-and-legacy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/fort-pillow-massacre-and-legacy\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow: N\u01a1i bi k\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow: N\u01a1i bi k\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m<\/h2>\n\n

Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1864, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3, t\u01b0\u1edbng Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam Nathan Bedford Forrest \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 huy m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Mississippi. Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa nh\u1ecf g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, bao g\u1ed3m 262 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i da m\u00e0u Hoa K\u1ef3 (USCT).<\/p>\n\n

Qu\u00e2n Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00f4ng h\u01a1n qu\u00e2n ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i. Nhi\u1ec1u binh s\u0129 Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e2n Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u1ed5 s\u00fang, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh USCT. Kho\u1ea3ng 70% l\u00ednh USCT \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0a r\u00f5.<\/p>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t<\/h2>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kinh ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng anh ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng da \u0111en b\u1ecb “b\u1eafn h\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con ch\u00f3”.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow<\/h2>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p cho USCT. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn, khi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed nh\u01b0 t\u00f9 binh chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb b\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n

Sau chi\u1ebfn tranh, Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf hoang v\u00e0 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. N\u0103m 1971, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean ti\u1ec3u bang. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh USCT \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u1ed7i kinh ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng hy sinh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh USCT \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00ec t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m l\u00e2m Robby Tidwell \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho h\u1ecdc sinh. Tidwell tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng hy sinh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh USCT v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow v\u00e0 Ngh\u0129a trang Qu\u1ed1c gia Memphis v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 4 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00f2ng hoa, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh USCT v\u00e0 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow<\/h2>\n\n

Tidwell c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Ti\u1ec3u bang Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow. \u00d4ng \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u b\u1eafc qua khe n\u00fai gi\u1eefa trung t\u00e2m du kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i, gi\u00fap du kh\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y h\u01a1n. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n

Tidwell tin r\u1eb1ng Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed to l\u1edbn. \u00d4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Pillow: N\u01a1i bi k\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn N\u0103m 1864, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3, t\u01b0\u1edbng Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam Nathan Bedford Forrest…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23536,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[764,23755,27,1434,1001],"class_list":["post-18166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-racial-justice","tag-fort-pillow","tag-history","tag-black-history","tag-civil-war"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18166"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18166\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18167,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18166\/revisions\/18167"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23536"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}