{"id":1818,"date":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","date_gmt":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1818"},"modified":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","modified_gmt":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","slug":"swilling-the-planters-with-bumbo-when-booze-bought-elections","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/swilling-the-planters-with-bumbo-when-booze-bought-elections\/","title":{"rendered":"Swilling the Planters with Bumbo: Khi r\u01b0\u1ee3u mua chu\u1ed9c phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chu\u1ed1c r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1eed tri \u0111\u1ec3 mua chu\u1ed9c phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Hoa K\u1ef3, c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 c\u1eed tri b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;chu\u1ed1c r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1eed tri&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n<p>T\u1eadp t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i tham gia th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, James Madison \u0111\u00e3 thua cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed n\u0103m 1777 v\u00ec t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i cung c\u1ea5p &#8220;t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m tha h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a r\u01b0\u1ee3u m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n kh\u00e1c&#8221; cho c\u1eed tri.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch say x\u1ec9n c\u1ee7a George Washington<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 George Washington, cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u1ec3 lay \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1eed tri. Khi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ra tranh c\u1eed ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n D\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u Virginia, \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 do kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 r\u01b0\u1ee3u. Hai n\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00fang c\u1eed th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng sau khi ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t 144 gallon r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum, r\u01b0\u1ee3u pha ponche, r\u01b0\u1ee3u t\u00e1o v\u00e0 bia cho c\u1eed tri.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m cho tr\u00f2 h\u1ec1<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m cho chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho c\u1eed tri l\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 h\u1ec1 l\u1edbn. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1876, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u1edf Brooklyn \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh c\u1eed l\u1edbn, n\u01b0\u1edbng nguy\u00ean con hai con b\u00f2 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t th\u1ecbt tr\u00ean b\u00e1nh sandwich cho kho\u1ea3ng 50.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecbt b\u00f2 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Douglas<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra su\u00f4n s\u1ebb. N\u0103m 1860, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Douglas \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t &#8220;L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecbt b\u00f2&#8221; t\u1ea1i Jones&#8217; Wood, thu h\u00fat t\u1eeb 20.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 30.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ecfng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n gi\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c \u0103n, khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3i b\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c xa hoa n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed hay kh\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tham gia v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng lay \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1eed tri.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Theo th\u1eddi gian, t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c chu\u1ed1c r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1eed tri \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n suy gi\u1ea3m. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1\u8208\u8d77 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh c\u1eed tinh vi h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m tha h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1n trong ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u1eadp t\u1ee5c h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 phai nh\u1ea1t, nh\u01b0ng di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n. N\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gian nan m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u c\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc b\u1ed5 sung<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u1eadp t\u1ee5c thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3i c\u1eed tri c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb th\u1eddi La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 Hy L\u1ea1p c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li>\u1ede Hoa K\u1ef3, h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung th\u1ee9 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf qua.<\/li>\n<li>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;chu\u1ed1c r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1eed tri&#8221; d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t r\u01b0\u1ee3u cho c\u1eed tri, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 trong vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chu\u1ed1c r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1eed tri \u0111\u1ec3 mua chu\u1ed9c phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Hoa K\u1ef3, c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[3912,19,3914,3913,3685],"class_list":["post-1818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-election-bribery","tag-american-history","tag-united-states-history","tag-political-campaigns","tag-voting"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1818"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1818\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1819,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1818\/revisions\/1819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}