{"id":182,"date":"2021-05-28T18:48:47","date_gmt":"2021-05-28T18:48:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=182"},"modified":"2021-05-28T18:48:47","modified_gmt":"2021-05-28T18:48:47","slug":"lincoln-and-darwin-shaping-the-modern-world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/biology\/lincoln-and-darwin-shaping-the-modern-world\/","title":{"rendered":"Lincoln v\u00e0 Darwin: \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lincoln v\u00e0 Darwin: \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\n\n

Abraham Lincoln, sinh ra trong c\u1ea3nh ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 \u1edf Kentucky, v\u00e0 Charles Darwin, sinh ra trong nhung l\u1ee5a \u1edf Anh, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c: h\u1ecd sinh c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y n\u0103m 1809. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u1ea3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi, Lincoln \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean giai c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Darwin \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ni\u1ec1m tin truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Darwin v\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y. Th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng quan s\u00e1t t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a theo th\u1eddi gian th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

Lincoln c\u0169ng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ni\u1ec1m tin truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. \u00d4ng tin r\u1eb1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Darwin v\u00e0 Lincoln \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. H\u1ecd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a l\u00fd tr\u00ed v\u00e0 logic \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh ch\u00fang ta. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u1ef1 do ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u1ed1n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u00f4ng qua quan s\u00e1t, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb<\/h2>\n\n

C\u1ea3 Lincoln v\u00e0 Darwin \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Lincoln, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u00f9ng\u8faf v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn s\u1eafc b\u00e9n, \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia trong su\u1ed1t N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Darwin, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft theo phong c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, gi\u00fap cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, Lincoln v\u00e0 Darwin v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Lincoln l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng lay chuy\u1ec3n, l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng. Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Darwin l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc, s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i. D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb di\u1ec5n ng\u00f4n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c b\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t<\/h2>\n\n

Sinh c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y, Lincoln v\u00e0 Darwin b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh song song s\u1ebd m\u00e3i m\u00e3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ni\u1ec1m tin truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 trao quy\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lincoln v\u00e0 Darwin: \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng Abraham Lincoln, sinh ra trong c\u1ea3nh ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 \u1edf Kentucky, v\u00e0 Charles Darwin, sinh…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[288],"tags":[515,514,97,27,513,516,136],"class_list":["post-182","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology","tag-democracy","tag-darwin","tag-science","tag-history","tag-lincoln","tag-modern-world","tag-evolution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=182"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":183,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions\/183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}